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Prevention of pertussis: An unresolved problem
Susanna Esposito1, Nicola Principi2
1a Pediatric Clinic, Department of Surgical and Biomedical Sciences , Università degli Studi di Perugia , Perugia , Italy.
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
|June 2, 2018
Summary
Acellular pertussis vaccines (aPs) show reduced efficacy, leading to increased disease incidence. Boosters are necessary for sustained protection, and further research is needed to optimize acellular pertussis vaccine components.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Pertussis, a contagious respiratory illness caused by Bordetella pertussis, saw reduced incidence after whole-cell vaccine (wP) introduction.
- Safety concerns surrounding wP led to the development of acellular pertussis vaccines (aPs) using specific B. pertussis antigens.
Purpose of the Study:
- To discuss reasons for the decreased efficacy of acellular pertussis vaccines (aPs).
- To evaluate the real-world effectiveness of aPs and compare different formulations.
- To identify optimal antigens for improved pertussis prevention.
Main Methods:
- Review of pertussis vaccine efficacy and incidence data.
- Analysis of acellular pertussis vaccine (aP) components and their immunogenicity.
- Comparative evaluation of different acellular pertussis vaccine preparations.
Main Results:
- Acellular pertussis vaccines (aPs) introduction was followed by a gradual increase in pertussis incidence.
- Multiple booster doses appear necessary to maintain adequate protection against pertussis.
- Variability in effectiveness among different acellular pertussis vaccine formulations may exist.
Conclusions:
- The efficacy of current acellular pertussis vaccines (aPs) may be suboptimal, necessitating further investigation.
- Optimizing the antigen composition of acellular pertussis vaccines (aPs) is crucial for enhancing pertussis prevention.
- Additional research is required to determine the most effective antigens for future acellular pertussis vaccine formulations.
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