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Differences in force normalising procedures during submaximal anisometric contractions.

Jakob Škarabot1, Paul Ansdell1, Callum Brownstein1

  • 1Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, United Kingdom.

Journal of Electromyography and Kinesiology : Official Journal of the International Society of Electrophysiological Kinesiology
|June 2, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Normalizing submaximal eccentric contractions using isometric maximum (ISO) or muscle length specific maximum (MLS) may inaccurately represent muscle activation compared to contraction type specific maximum (CTS) normalization. This impacts understanding neural strategies during eccentric exercise.

Keywords:
ConcentricEccentricElectromyographyLengtheningShorteningSubmaximal

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Neuroscience
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Eccentric contractions are believed to involve distinct neural activation strategies.
  • Assessing neural modulation during submaximal contractions is challenging due to muscle force differences and normalization methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of different force normalization methods on understanding neural activation during submaximal concentric and eccentric contractions.
  • To compare submaximal eccentric and concentric torque and EMG activity when normalized to isometric maximum (ISO), contraction type specific maximum (CTS), or muscle length specific maximum (MLS).

Main Methods:

  • Subjects performed maximal isometric, concentric, and eccentric dorsiflexion contractions at various muscle lengths.
  • Submaximal contractions were normalized using ISO, CTS, and MLS methods.
  • Torque output and electromyography (EMG) activity were recorded and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Submaximal eccentric torque was significantly lower when normalized using ISO or MLS compared to CTS.
  • These findings align with predictions from a theoretical model.
  • Submaximal concentric torque levels were similar between ISO and CTS normalization, with comparable EMG discrepancies.

Conclusions:

  • Normalizing submaximal eccentric contractions using ISO or MLS may not accurately reflect true muscle activation or performance.
  • Contraction type specific maximum (CTS) normalization appears more appropriate for assessing and prescribing submaximal eccentric contractions.
  • The findings highlight the critical importance of selecting appropriate normalization methods in exercise science research.