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Related Experiment Video

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The unfaithful neuritis.

Luca De Simone1, Francesco Pellegrini2, Daniele Cirone3

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University Campus Bio-Medico of Rome, Rome, Rome, Italy; Immunology Eye Unit, Azienda USL IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy.

Survey of Ophthalmology
|June 3, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Ophthalmologists should consider syphilis in patients with unexplained eye symptoms, as it can mimic other conditions like optic neuritis or lymphoma. Early diagnosis of ocular syphilis is crucial for effective treatment and preventing vision loss.

Keywords:
mottled retinitisoptic neuritissyphilisvitreoretinal lymphoma

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) patients may present with ocular complications.
  • Ocular syphilis can mimic various intraocular and optic nerve disorders.

Observation:

  • A 55-year-old man with MCL presented with acute blurred vision.
  • Initial diagnosis was optic neuritis, but retinal infiltrates and vitritis developed later.
  • Vitrectomy was negative for vitreoretinal lymphoma.

Findings:

  • Serological testing confirmed syphilis as the underlying cause.
  • Syphilis presented atypically, mimicking lymphoma and optic neuritis.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the importance of considering syphilis in the differential diagnosis of complex ocular presentations.
  • Ophthalmologists play a key role in identifying syphilis, which can present with diverse ocular manifestations.
  • Prompt diagnosis and treatment of ocular syphilis are essential to prevent irreversible vision impairment.