Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Author Spotlight: Understanding Adolescent Social Adversity Effects on Neurodevelopment in Mice
07:15

Author Spotlight: Understanding Adolescent Social Adversity Effects on Neurodevelopment in Mice

Published on: March 15, 2024

2.7K

The Effect of Longer-Term and Exclusive Breastfeeding Promotion on Visual Outcome in Adolescence

Christopher G Owen1, Emily Oken2, Alicja R Rudnicka1

  • 1Population Health Research Institute, St. George's, University of London, Cranmer Terrace, London, United Kingdom.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|June 4, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Promoting exclusive breastfeeding did not significantly impact long-term vision outcomes. However, maternal age and living environment were found to be significant factors influencing low vision risk in adolescents.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Public Health
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Breastfeeding is hypothesized to influence early visual development.
  • Understanding the long-term impact of breastfeeding interventions on vision is crucial for public health initiatives.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if a breastfeeding promotion intervention improves visual outcomes at 16 years of age.
  • To assess the association between breastfeeding duration/exclusivity and low vision.

Main Methods:

  • Follow-up of a cluster-randomized trial involving 31 Belarusian maternity hospitals.
  • Low vision defined as unaided logMAR vision of ≥0.3 (Snellen 20/40) in either eye.
  • Modified intention-to-treat analysis, with additional observational analyses of breastfeeding and other determinants.

Main Results:

  • Low vision prevalence was 19.6% in the intervention group vs. 21.6% in the control group.
  • The breastfeeding promotion intervention showed no significant effect on low vision (OR 0.92, adjusted OR 0.88).
  • Maternal age and urban residence were associated with increased low vision risk; lower parental education and more siblings were associated with reduced risk.

Conclusions:

  • Exclusive breastfeeding promotion did not significantly affect visual outcomes at 16 years.
  • Environmental factors like maternal age and residence are strongly associated with low vision.
  • Further research into environmental determinants of visual health is warranted.
Abstract

More Related Videos

A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect05:04

A Common Marmoset Model of Mother-Infant Intervention for Breastfeeding Disorders in the Presence of Paternal Inhibition and Maternal Neglect

Published on: September 22, 2023

1.1K
Author Spotlight: Unveiling Plankton Response to Climate Change Through Time-Series Data and Artistic Expression08:15

Author Spotlight: Unveiling Plankton Response to Climate Change Through Time-Series Data and Artistic Expression

Published on: July 28, 2023

1.9K

Related Concept Videos

The Pauli Exclusion Principle03:06

The Pauli Exclusion Principle

The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of an atom is called its electron configuration. We describe an electron configuration with a symbol that contains three pieces of information:
59.5K
Cognitive Development During Adolescence01:18

Cognitive Development During Adolescence

During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
633
The Eukaryotic Promoter Region02:40

The Eukaryotic Promoter Region

The eukaryotic promoter region is a segment of DNA located upstream of a gene. It contains an RNA polymerase binding site, a transcription start site, and several cis-regulatory sequences.  The proximal promoter region is located in the vicinity of the gene and has cis-regulatory sequences and the core promoter. The core promoter is the binding site for RNA polymerase and is usually located between -35 and +35 nucleotides from the transcription start site. The distal promoter regions are...
18.9K
Predicting Reaction Outcomes02:24

Predicting Reaction Outcomes

Kinetics describes the rate and path by which a reaction occurs. In contrast, thermodynamics deals with state functions and describes the properties, behavior, and components of a system. It is not concerned with the path taken by the process and cannot address the rate at which a reaction occurs. Although it does provide information about what can happen during a reaction process, it does not describe the detailed steps of what appears on an atomic or a molecular level. On the other hand,...
11.0K
Outcomes of Glycolysis01:13

Outcomes of Glycolysis

Nearly all the energy used by cells comes from the bonds that make up complex organic compounds. These organic compounds are broken down into simpler molecules, such as glucose. As a result, cells extract energy from glucose over many chemical reactions—a process called cellular respiration.
Cellular respiration can occur aerobically (with oxygen) or anaerobically (without oxygen). In the presence of oxygen, cellular respiration starts with glycolysis and continues with pyruvate...
107.6K
Long-term Depression01:05

Long-term Depression

Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
33.3K