Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Published on: December 6, 2016
Cyclic Alternating Pattern in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients with versus without Excessive Sleepiness
Selda Korkmaz1, Nedime Tugce Bilecenoglu2, Murat Aksu3
1Department of Neurology, Istanbul Aydin University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
Background:
One of the main hypotheses on the development of daytime sleepiness (ES) is increased arousal in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Cyclic alternating pattern (CAP) is considered to be the main expression of sleep microstructure rather than arousal. Therefore, we aimed to investigate whether there is any difference between OSA patients with versus without ES in terms of the parameters of sleep macro- and microstructure and which variables are associated with Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score.
Methods:
Thirty-eight male patients with moderate to severe OSA were divided into two subgroups by having been used to ESS as ES or non-ES.
Results:
There was no difference between two groups in clinical characteristics and macrostructure parameters of sleep. However, ES group had significantly higher CAP rate, CAP duration, number of CAP cycles, and duration and rate of the subtypes A2 (p = 0.033, 0.019, 0.013, and 0.019, respectively) and lower mean phase B duration (p = 0.028) compared with non-ES group. In correlation analysis, ESS score was not correlated with any CAP measure.
Conclusions:
OSA patients with ES have increased CAP measures rather than those without ES.
Related Concept Videos
Sleep Apnea
The condition is more prevalent among...
Insufficient Sleep and Sleep Deprivation
Sleep deprivation is a more severe form of sleep loss...
Excess Pressure Inside a Drop and a Bubble
Alternative RNA Splicing
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
Stages of Sleep
Before sleep begins, in wakefulness, the brain exhibits primarily beta waves, which are high in frequency and low in amplitude, indicating alertness...
Stereoisomerism of Cyclic Compounds

