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Related Concept Videos

Adult Stem Cells01:33

Adult Stem Cells

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:58

Embryonic Stem Cells

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells are undifferentiated pluripotent cells, meaning they can produce any cell type in the body. This gives them tremendous potential in science and medicine since they can generate specific cell types for use in research or to replace body cells lost due to damage or disease.
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Embryonic Stem Cells00:57

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Embryonic stem (ES) cells were first discovered in mice in 1981 by Martin Evans. In 1998, James Thomson identified a method to isolate embryonic stem cells from humans. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are obtained from 3-5 day old embryos that remain unused after an in vitro fertilization procedure.
ES cells are grown in a culture medium where they can divide indefinitely, creating ES cell lines. Under certain conditions, ES cells can differentiate, either spontaneously into a variety of...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:13

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different types of cells. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are post-mitotic—that is, they no longer divide. However, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they “de-differentiate” and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are also pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are therefore...
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Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells01:06

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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce different cell types. Ordinarily, cells that have differentiated into a specific cell type are terminally differentiated; however, scientists have found a way to reprogram these mature cells so that they dedifferentiate and return to an unspecialized, proliferative state. These cells are pluripotent like embryonic stem cells—able to produce all cell types—and are called induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs).
Somatic...
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Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells01:18

Distinctive Features of Adult Stem Cells vs Cancer Stem Cells

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A stem cell is an unspecialized cell that can divide without limit as needed and can, under specific conditions, differentiate into specialized cells.
Adult stem cells
Adult stem cells are tissue-specific; hence, they divide to develop the tissue from which they originate. One type of adult stem cell is the epithelial stem cell, which gives rise to the keratinocytes in the multiple layers of epithelial cells in the epidermis of the skin. Adult bone marrow has three distinct types of stem cells:...
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Related Experiment Video

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Transcriptome Analysis of Single Cells
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Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis of Neural Stem Cells.

Ying Li1, Jeremy Anderson1, Kelvin Y Kwan2

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rutgers University, 599 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.

Current Pharmacology Reports
|June 5, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) advances the study of neural stem cells (NSCs) in the brain. This technique helps understand NSC heterogeneity for better tissue repair and regenerative medicine strategies.

Keywords:
BioinformaticsHomeostasisInjury and diseasesNeural stem cellsSingle-cell sequencingTranscriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Adult neural stem cells (NSCs) are crucial for central nervous system homeostasis and repair.
  • Investigating the diverse population of NSCs presents significant challenges.
  • Understanding NSC heterogeneity is key to unlocking their therapeutic potential.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) in neural stem cell research.
  • To highlight advancements in scRNA-seq techniques and bioinformatic analysis for NSC studies.
  • To discuss the future implications of scRNA-seq in basic neuroscience and regenerative medicine.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on scRNA-seq applications in neuroscience.
  • Analysis of bioinformatic approaches for processing scRNA-seq data from NSCs.
  • Synthesis of findings from studies utilizing scRNA-seq to characterize NSC populations.

Main Results:

  • scRNA-seq enables detailed characterization of individual NSC heterogeneity.
  • This technique reveals novel NSC subtypes and their functions.
  • scRNA-seq provides insights into NSC responses to injury and disease.

Conclusions:

  • scRNA-seq is a powerful tool for dissecting NSC complexity.
  • Its application is vital for advancing regenerative medicine and understanding neurological disorders.
  • Future directions include refining scRNA-seq protocols and integrating multi-omic data for comprehensive NSC analysis.