Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Valence Bond Theory02:45

Valence Bond Theory

50.3K
Overview of Valence Bond Theory
50.3K
Bond Energies and Bond Lengths02:49

Bond Energies and Bond Lengths

31.5K
Stable molecules exist because covalent bonds hold the atoms together. The strength of a covalent bond is measured by the energy required to break it, that is, the energy necessary to separate the bonded atoms. Separating any pair of bonded atoms requires energy — the stronger a bond, the greater the energy required to break it.
31.5K
Peptide Bonds02:43

Peptide Bonds

83.4K
A peptide bond covalently attaches amino acids through a dehydration reaction. One amino acid's carboxyl group and another amino acid's amino group combine, releasing a water molecule. The resulting bond is the peptide bond. The products that such linkages form are peptides. As more amino acids join this growing chain, the resulting chain is a polypeptide. Each polypeptide has a free amino group at one end. This end has the N-terminal, or the amino-terminal, and the other end has a free...
83.4K
Bonding in Metals02:32

Bonding in Metals

52.6K
Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”. 
52.6K
Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

131.4K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
131.4K
Energetics of Solution Formation02:35

Energetics of Solution Formation

7.4K
The formation of a solution is an example of a spontaneous process, which is a process that occurs under specified conditions without energy from some external source.
When the strengths of the intermolecular forces of attraction between solute and solvent species in a solution are no different than those present in the separated components, the solution is formed with no accompanying energy change. Formation of the solution requires the solute–solute and solvent–solvent...
7.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A one-electron perspective on dative and ionic bonding.

Chemical science·2026
Same author

Chemical Information From the Ehrenfest Force Field Based on Reduced Density Matrix Functional Theory.

Journal of computational chemistry·2026
Same author

Localization and Delocalization in Solids from Electron Distribution Functions.

Journal of chemical theory and computation·2022
Same author

Questioning the orbital picture of magnetic spin coupling: a real space alternative.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2021
Same author

Local spin and open quantum systems: clarifying misconceptions, unifying approaches.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2021
Same author

Electronegativity equalization: taming an old problem with new tools.

Physical chemistry chemical physics : PCCP·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Author Spotlight: Real-Time Imaging of Bonding in 3D-Printed Layers
04:36

Author Spotlight: Real-Time Imaging of Bonding in 3D-Printed Layers

Published on: September 1, 2023

3.9K

Real space bond orders are energetic descriptors.

A Martín Pendás1, E Francisco

  • 1Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain. ampendas@uniovi.es.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|June 5, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study defines a real space ionic bond order using orbital invariant position space techniques. It reveals that distance-scaled bond orders, derived from multipolar expansions of interaction energies, dominate chemical bonding.

More Related Videos

Bio-energetics Investigation of Candida albicans Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis
08:48

Bio-energetics Investigation of Candida albicans Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis

Published on: March 19, 2019

7.5K
Preparation and Reactivity of Gasless Nanostructured Energetic Materials
09:50

Preparation and Reactivity of Gasless Nanostructured Energetic Materials

Published on: April 2, 2015

10.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Author Spotlight: Real-Time Imaging of Bonding in 3D-Printed Layers
04:36

Author Spotlight: Real-Time Imaging of Bonding in 3D-Printed Layers

Published on: September 1, 2023

3.9K
Bio-energetics Investigation of Candida albicans Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis
08:48

Bio-energetics Investigation of Candida albicans Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis

Published on: March 19, 2019

7.5K
Preparation and Reactivity of Gasless Nanostructured Energetic Materials
09:50

Preparation and Reactivity of Gasless Nanostructured Energetic Materials

Published on: April 2, 2015

10.7K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Chemistry
  • Theoretical Chemistry
  • Chemical Physics

Background:

  • The conventional concept of bond order lacks a direct link to chemical interaction energetics.
  • The Interacting Quantum Atoms (IQA) approach provides a framework to analyze covalent and ionic interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish a theoretical connection between bond order and chemical interaction energetics.
  • To define a real space ionic bond order.
  • To explore the dominant terms in multipolar expansions of interaction energies.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing orbital invariant position space techniques.
  • Applying the Interacting Quantum Atoms (IQA) approach.
  • Expanding covalent and ionic interaction energies into multipolar series.

Main Results:

  • A real space ionic bond order is defined, leveraging the parallelism between covalent and ionic interaction energies in IQA.
  • Zeroth-order terms in the multipolar expansion of interaction energies are identified as distance-scaled bond orders.
  • Bonding is explained through Coulombic attraction of transferred electrons (ionic) and half shared pairs (covalent).

Conclusions:

  • The zeroth-order approximation of interaction energies provides a chemically intuitive picture of bonding.
  • The approximation's accuracy improves with increasing interatomic distance.
  • This work offers a novel perspective on understanding chemical bonding through real space bond orders.