Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 9, 2026
06:56
Generating a Fractal Microstructure of Laminin-111 to Signal to Cells
Published on: September 28, 2020
1.3K
Magnetic Ground State Stabilized by Three-Site Interactions: Fe/Rh(111)
Andreas Krönlein1, Martin Schmitt1, Markus Hoffmann2
1Physikalisches Institut, Lehrstuhl für Experimentelle Physik 2, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
Physical Review Letters
|June 5, 2018
Summary
Researchers directly observed a predicted magnetic ground state in a monolayer iron (Fe) film on Rhodium (Rh)(111). This exotic up-up-down-down spin structure confirms the role of complex spin interactions in thin magnetic films.
Area of Science:
- Surface Science
- Condensed Matter Physics
- Magnetism
Background:
- Monolayer magnetic films exhibit unique magnetic properties distinct from bulk materials.
- Theoretical models predicted exotic spin structures in iron (Fe) monolayers on Rhodium (Rh)(111).
Purpose of the Study:
- To directly observe the theoretically predicted magnetic ground state of a monolayer Fe on Rh(111).
- To investigate the role of higher-order spin interactions in itinerant magnets.
Main Methods:
- Spin-polarized scanning tunneling microscopy (SP-STM) was employed for direct imaging.
- Experiments utilized magnetic probe tips and external magnetic fields to probe spin structure.
Main Results:
- The study directly observed the up-up-down-down (↑↑↓↓) double-row-wise antiferromagnetic spin structure.
- This exotic phase was found to exist in three orientational domains.
- Evidence for a four-spin-three-site beyond-Heisenberg interaction contributing to spin coupling was found.
Conclusions:
- The experimental observation confirms the existence of the predicted ↑↑↓↓ magnetic order.
- The findings substantiate the significant contribution of higher-order, three-site interactions in thin magnetic films of itinerant magnets.
Related Concept Videos
01:19Rh Blood Group
3.3K
The Rhesus (Rh) antigen is crucial in determining blood groups and ensuring compatibility during blood transfusions.
3.3K
03:18Nuclear Stability
23.3K
Protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons, are packed together tightly in a nucleus. With a radius of about 10−15 meters, a nucleus is quite small compared to the radius of the entire atom, which is about 10−10 meters. Nuclei are extremely dense compared to bulk matter, averaging 1.8 × 1014 grams per cubic centimeter. If the earth’s density were equal to the average nuclear density, the earth’s radius would be only about 200 meters.
To hold positively charged protons together...
To hold positively charged protons together...
23.3K
01:12Taping Over Different Ground Profiles
402
Taping over varying ground profiles requires careful adaptation to achieve accurate measurements. On smooth, level ground with minimal vegetation, the tape can rest directly on the ground. Here, the taping team, typically consisting of a head and a rear tapeman, coordinates their positions with clear communication. The rear tapeman holds the tape at the starting point and guides the head tapeman toward a range pole placed beyond the endpoint, using hand or voice signals to ensure alignment.On...
402
01:53RNA Stability
35.8K
Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
35.8K
01:28Stability
423
The time response of a linear time-invariant (LTI) system can be divided into transient and steady-state responses. The transient response represents the system's initial reaction to a change in input and diminishes to zero over time. In contrast, the steady-state response is the behavior that persists after the transient effects have faded.
The stability of an LTI system is determined by the roots of its characteristic equation, known as poles. A system is stable if it produces a bounded...
The stability of an LTI system is determined by the roots of its characteristic equation, known as poles. A system is stable if it produces a bounded...
423
01:17Connective Tissue Fibers and Ground Substance
21.1K
One of the significant functions of connective tissue is connecting tissues and organs. Unlike epithelial tissue that is composed of cells closely packed with little or no extracellular space in between, connective tissue cells are dispersed in a matrix. The matrix usually includes a large amount of extracellular material produced by the connective tissue cells that are embedded within it. It plays a significant role in the functioning of this tissue. The major component of the matrix is a...
21.1K