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New Leading Contribution to Neutrinoless Double-β Decay.

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This study introduces a crucial short-range operator for neutrinoless double-beta decay calculations. This finding impacts nuclear matrix elements and requires new methods for accurate predictions in particle physics.

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Area of Science:

  • Nuclear Physics
  • Particle Physics
  • Quantum Field Theory

Background:

  • Neutrinoless double-beta decay (0νββ) is a hypothetical process crucial for determining if neutrinos are Majorana particles.
  • Current theoretical models of 0νββ decay often omit certain short-range contributions.
  • Understanding the nature of neutrinos is a key goal in fundamental physics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the leading contributions to the neutrinoless double-beta decay transition operator induced by light Majorana neutrinos.
  • To identify and incorporate a previously missing leading-order short-range operator in theoretical calculations.
  • To explore methods for determining the parameters of this new operator and its impact on nuclear matrix elements.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing chiral effective field theory (ChEFT) as the theoretical framework.
  • Applying renormalization arguments using dimensional regularization with minimal subtraction.
  • Employing a coordinate-space cutoff scheme to analyze short-range contributions.
  • Discussing matching to lattice quantum chromodynamics (QCD) and chiral symmetry relations.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the necessity of a leading-order short-range operator in 0νββ decay calculations, which is absent in current models.
  • Proposed strategies for determining the finite part of the short-range coupling constant.
  • Identified potential connections to isospin-breaking observables in the two-nucleon sector.

Conclusions:

  • The inclusion of the novel short-range operator is essential for accurate theoretical predictions of neutrinoless double-beta decay.
  • Determining this operator's contribution will refine nuclear matrix element calculations.
  • This work provides a pathway to more precise experimental interpretations and searches for new physics.