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The Association Between Novel Biomarkers and 1-Year Readmission or Mortality After Cardiac Surgery

Jeffrey P Jacobs1, Shama S Alam2, Sherry L Owens2

  • 1Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland; Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Johns Hopkins All Children's Heart Institute, Johns Hopkins All Children's Hospital and Florida Hospital for Children, St. Petersburg, Tampa, and Orlando, Florida.

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery
|June 5, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Novel cardiac biomarkers like galectin-3 and NT-proBNP predict long-term adverse outcomes after heart surgery. Elevated levels are linked to increased 1-year readmission or mortality risk.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Biomarker Research
  • Postoperative Care

Background:

  • Novel cardiac biomarkers, including soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2, galectin-3, and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide, may predict long-term adverse outcomes post-cardiac surgery.
  • Assessing these biomarkers' association with 1-year hospital readmission or mortality is crucial for improving patient management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the association between preoperative and postoperative cardiac biomarker levels and 1-year hospital readmission or mortality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
  • To determine if novel biomarkers can identify patients at higher risk for adverse outcomes independent of established risk factors.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort of 1,047 patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass graft surgery was analyzed.
  • Plasma levels of galectin-3 and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide were measured.
  • Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazards modeling were used to assess the association with 1-year readmission or mortality, adjusting for covariates.

Main Results:

  • Above-median levels of postoperative galectin-3 (HR 1.40) and N-terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide (HR 1.42) were significantly associated with 1-year readmission or mortality.
  • These associations remained significant after adjusting for established risk factors.
  • The median follow-up was 365 days.

Conclusions:

  • Novel cardiac biomarkers are associated with 1-year readmission or mortality after cardiac surgery, independent of established risk factors.
  • Measuring these biomarkers pre-discharge can enhance risk stratification and guide personalized medicine strategies.
  • This may allow for better resource allocation and targeted interventions for high-risk patients.
Abstract

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