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Updated: Feb 9, 2026

A Novel Biaxial Testing Apparatus for the Determination of Forming Limit under Hot Stamping Conditions
Published on: April 4, 2017
Design and experimental results of the 1-T Bitter Electromagnet Testing Apparatus (BETA)
E M Bates1, W J Birmingham1, C A Romero-Talamás1
1Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland 21250, USA.
Abstract:
The Bitter Electromagnet Testing Apparatus (BETA) is a 1-Tesla (T) technical prototype of the 10 T Adjustable Long Pulsed High-Field Apparatus. BETA's final design specifications are highlighted in this paper which include electromagnetic, thermal, and stress analyses. We discuss here the design and fabrication of BETA's core, vessel, cooling, and electrical subsystems. The electrical system of BETA is composed of a scalable solid-state DC breaker circuit. Experimental results display the stable operation of BETA at 1 T. These results are compared to both analytical design and finite element calculations. Experimental results validate analytical magnet designing methods developed at the Dusty Plasma Laboratory. The theoretical steady state maxima and the limits of BETA's design are explored in this paper.
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