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Recent H- diagnostics, plasma simulations, and 2X scaled Penning ion source developments at the Rutherford Appleton

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New diagnostics and upgraded components enhance negative hydrogen ion (H-) source performance. Development includes an einzel lens and a scaled Penning source, improving beam transport and reducing power density for advanced applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasma Physics and Engineering
  • Ion Source Development
  • Particle Accelerator Technology

Background:

  • Development of Penning H- ion sources is crucial for various applications, including particle accelerators and space propulsion.
  • Existing ion sources require continuous improvement in beam quality, efficiency, and operational stability.
  • Advanced diagnostic tools are essential for understanding and optimizing ion source performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and enhance the performance of a Penning H- ion source at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory.
  • To implement and assess new optical elements and diagnostic devices for improved beam control and analysis.
  • To develop and validate plasma simulation frameworks for ion thrusters and ion source physics.

Main Methods:

  • Installation and testing of a new einzel lens for H- beam transport, achieving over 80 mA.
  • Development and evaluation of a 2X scaled Penning source, delivering 65 mA H- beam at 10% duty factor.
  • Deployment of electrostatic deflector plates for beam correction and chopping, quartz crystal microbalances for cesium flux measurement, and an infrared camera for thermal analysis.
  • Utilizing VSim and COMSOL software for plasma simulations of ion thrusters and H- ion source surface physics.

Main Results:

  • Successful transport of over 80 mA H- beam with the new einzel lens.
  • The 2X scaled Penning source meets design criteria, delivering 65 mA H- ion beam.
  • Electrostatic deflectors demonstrate fast response (24 ns rise time); cesium flux increased only twofold.
  • Infrared camera reveals unexpected beam loss heating, while simulations show good agreement with thermal data.
  • VSim framework established for modeling surface physics with arbitrary temperature and cesium fields.

Conclusions:

  • The upgraded Penning H- ion source with new optical elements and diagnostics shows significant performance improvements.
  • The developed diagnostic tools are effective for monitoring operational ion sources and provide valuable data for optimization.
  • Advanced simulation capabilities are being established for novel ion thrusters and detailed H- ion source physics modeling.