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Oscillatory neural networks.

A I Selverston, M Moulins

    Annual Review of Physiology
    |January 1, 1985
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Neural oscillators exhibit few common features, but can generate diverse outputs through neuromodulation. Central pattern generators (CPGs) can produce patterns without sensory feedback, though some systems rely heavily on it.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Computational Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Understanding neuronal oscillators is limited by a lack of cellular-level mechanistic explanations.
    • Existing knowledge often comprises isolated details of oscillator networks, hindering a holistic view.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the fundamental properties and mechanisms of neuronal oscillators.
    • To investigate the role of cellular and network properties in generating oscillatory patterns.
    • To examine the influence of neuromodulators and sensory feedback on oscillator output.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of existing literature on well-characterized neuronal oscillators.
    • Comparison of cellular and network properties across different oscillator systems.
    • Evaluation of the impact of neuromodulators on functional network rewiring.

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  • Assessment of the necessity of sensory feedback for pattern generation.

    • Main Results:

    • Neuronal oscillators display limited generalizable features, often using reciprocal inhibition and burst-generating currents.
    • Oscillators can produce diverse outputs via functional rewiring induced by neuromodulators, independent of sensory feedback.
    • Central pattern generators (CPGs) can generate oscillatory patterns without sensory input, though the degree of reliance varies significantly between systems.

    Conclusions:

    • Neuronal oscillator mechanisms are diverse, with few universal features beyond the combination of cellular and network properties.
    • Neuromodulation plays a critical role in expanding the functional repertoire of neural oscillators.
    • The concept of CPGs generating patterns intrinsically, without sensory feedback, remains valid, with sensory input serving modulatory and entrainment roles.