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Axial and paraxial influences on limb morphogenesis
Trent D Stephens1, Richard Spall1, Wallace C Baker1
1Department of Biological Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209.
Journal of Morphology
|June 6, 2018
Summary
A key morphogenetic influence is necessary for chick limb development, originating medially and progressing laterally. This influence, potentially from Hensen's node, is crucial for forming normal limbs.
Area of Science:
- Developmental biology
- Embryology
- Morphogenesis
Background:
- Previous studies indicated a paraxial embryonic influence is vital for limb development.
- The precise origin and timing of this influence remained undetermined.
Purpose of the Study:
- To precisely localize the source of a critical morphogenetic influence for chick limb development.
- To investigate the role of Hensen's node in initiating limb formation.
Main Methods:
- Surgical implantation of foil barriers in chick embryos at various developmental stages (6-15).
- Grafting of presumptive limb territories with and without Hensen's node.
- Analysis of limb development in operated and grafted embryos.
Main Results:
- Barriers at stages 10-11 disrupted limb development, while stages 13-15 were unaffected.
- Interference near Hensen's node at early stages (6-8) led to defective or absent wings.
- Grafting experiments showed Hensen's node significantly enhances limb-like structure formation.
Conclusions:
- A medial-to-lateral progression of an unknown morphogenetic signal is essential for normal limb development.
- Hensen's node is hypothesized as the initial source of this crucial developmental influence.
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