Using an integrative mock-up simulation approach for evidence-based evaluation of operating room design prototypes

Area of Science:

• Healthcare Design
• Human Factors Engineering
• Architectural Simulation

Background:

• Physical mock-ups of healthcare spaces facilitate stakeholder engagement in design.
• Existing mock-up evaluations often lack robust mechanisms for user feedback.
• Iterative design requires effective tools for prototype evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

• To describe a multidisciplinary, simulation-based approach for operating room (OR) prototype design and evaluation.
• To introduce tools developed for comparing design prototypes and gathering user feedback.
• To demonstrate the value of structured evaluations in informing healthcare space design.

Main Methods:

• Developed a multidisciplinary collaborative process involving researchers, architecture students, clinicians, and architects.
• Utilized full-scale physical mock-ups for iterative design of OR prototypes.
• Engaged clinical end-users in simulated scenarios within the mock-ups.
• Created and employed an evaluation toolkit to compare design prototypes and gather feedback.

Main Results:

• The simulation-based mock-up evaluation facilitated key design decisions regarding room size, OR table placement, intra-room zoning, and door locations.
• The process enabled active user engagement and feedback, crucial for optimizing OR functionality.
• The evaluation toolkit proved effective in comparing design alternatives.

Conclusions:

• Structured, simulation-based mock-up evaluations are valuable for the iterative design of healthcare facilities like operating rooms.
• This approach empowers stakeholders to visualize their future workspace and provide actionable feedback.
• The methodology supports informed decision-making in complex healthcare design projects.