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Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

Assessing the Coherence of Parents' Short Narratives Regarding their Child Using the Five-Minute Speech Sample Procedure

Published on: September 19, 2019

Tetanus in a partially immunized child.

Yusuke Akane¹, Takeshi Tsugawa¹, Tsukasa Hori¹

¹Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy : Official Journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy

|June 6, 2018

Summary

A vaccinated 13-year-old boy contracted tetanus despite protective antibodies. This case highlights the importance of prompt clinical diagnosis of tetanus, even in vaccinated individuals, especially in developed nations.

Keywords:

Child Partially immunized Tetanus

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Area of Science:

Immunology
Infectious Diseases
Neurology

Background:

Tetanus is a rare but serious bacterial infection caused by Clostridium tetani.
Vaccination with tetanus toxoid is highly effective in preventing the disease.
Tetanus is characterized by muscle spasms and autonomic nervous system dysfunction.

Observation:

A 13-year-old boy presented with symptoms of tetanus, including neck rigidity, diaphoresis, and risus sardonicus.
The patient had received three doses of tetanus toxoid vaccine and had protective antitoxin antibody levels.
Symptoms appeared four days after an unspecified injury.

Findings:

The case demonstrates a rare instance of breakthrough tetanus in a vaccinated individual.
Clinical presentation was typical for tetanus, despite documented protective immunity.
Prompt diagnosis relied on recognizing characteristic clinical signs and symptoms.

Implications:

This case underscores that tetanus vaccination may not always confer complete protection.
Physicians must maintain a high index of suspicion for tetanus, even in vaccinated populations.
Early clinical diagnosis remains crucial for timely management and improved outcomes in tetanus cases.