Jobelyn suppresses hippocampal neuronal apoptosis and necrosis in experimental alcohol-induced brain stress
C A Oyinbo1, F O Robert2, O G Avwioro3
1Department of Human Anatomy, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
Abstract:
Neurodegeneration in the hippocampus is a consequence of alcohol abuse which compromises the survival of the CNS tissue and its self-renewal capacity. So far, conventional drugs have not been clinically satisfactory in ameliorating neurodegeneration, therefore there has been a surge towards exploring the potentials of nutraceuticals since they mediate their action in a multi-mechanism fashion and may have high therapeutic potentials in CNS diseases. This study, therefore, evaluated the effect of Jobelyn® supplementation in ethanol-induced neurodegeneration of the hippocampus. Adult male rats received a regimen of ethanol or ethanol plus Jobelyn®, three times daily over four days. Histological results show that Jobelyn® supplementation significantly lowered neurodegeneration in the dentate gyrus, CA1 and CA3 areas. Furthermore, IHC studies show that Jobelyn® triggered an increased expression of p53 proteins in neurons of areas CA1 and CA3, with a reduction of p53 expression in the DG and also caused reduced expression of ɤ-enolase protein in these regions. These findings suggest that Jobelyn® may be able to help to maintain neuronal survival via control of tumor antigen p53 and ɤ-enolase regulated apoptotic and necrotic processes.
Insights
Jobelyn® supplementation significantly reduced alcohol-induced neurodegeneration in the rat hippocampus. This nutraceutical may protect central nervous system (CNS) tissue by modulating proteins involved in cell death.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Pharmacology
- Toxicology
Background:
- Alcohol abuse leads to hippocampal neurodegeneration, impairing central nervous system (CNS) tissue survival and self-renewal.
- Conventional treatments for alcohol-induced neurodegeneration are clinically unsatisfactory.
- Nutraceuticals are being explored for CNS diseases due to their multi-mechanism actions and therapeutic potential.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the neuroprotective effects of Jobelyn® against ethanol-induced neurodegeneration in the rat hippocampus.
Main Methods:
- Adult male rats were administered ethanol or ethanol plus Jobelyn® for four days.
- Histological analysis was performed to assess neurodegeneration.
- Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was used to examine the expression of p53 and ɤ-enolase proteins.
Main Results:
- Jobelyn® supplementation significantly reduced neurodegeneration in the dentate gyrus, CA1, and CA3 regions of the hippocampus.
- IHC revealed that Jobelyn® increased p53 protein expression in CA1 and CA3 neurons while reducing it in the dentate gyrus.
- Jobelyn® also decreased ɤ-enolase protein expression in these hippocampal regions.
Conclusions:
- Jobelyn® demonstrates neuroprotective effects against ethanol-induced hippocampal damage.
- The mechanism may involve the modulation of tumor antigen p53 and ɤ-enolase, influencing apoptotic and necrotic processes.
- Jobelyn® shows potential for maintaining neuronal survival in the context of alcohol abuse.
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