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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Long Non-coding RNAs in Endothelial Biology.

Tyler Weirick1, Giuseppe Militello1, Shizuka Uchida1

  • 1Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.

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|June 6, 2018
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Summary

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are prevalent in higher organisms. This review covers long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) research in endothelial biology and computational methods for heart endothelial cell lncRNA analysis.

Keywords:
RNA editingRNA modificationsRNA-seqbioinformaticsdatabaseslncRNAsmiRNAs

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) now represent the majority of RNA in higher organisms, shifting the focus from protein-coding genes.
  • RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) has revolutionized RNA analysis, enabling single-cell resolution and large-scale data generation.
  • The complexity of ncRNA data necessitates specialized bioinformatics tools for knowledge extraction and data reuse.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current state of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) research within endothelial biology.
  • To discuss computational methodologies for the identification, annotation, and characterization of lncRNAs in cardiac endothelial cells.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of lncRNA research in endothelial biology.
  • Overview of computational approaches for lncRNA analysis.
  • Focus on methods applicable to heart endothelial cells.

Main Results:

  • Summary of current lncRNA knowledge in endothelial cells.
  • Discussion of challenges and opportunities in lncRNA data analysis.
  • Highlighting the importance of bioinformatics tools.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs play a significant role in endothelial biology.
  • Advanced computational tools are crucial for understanding lncRNAs in cardiac endothelial cells.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate lncRNA functions in this context.