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Cognitive Impairment in people living with HIV in the ART era: A Review

K Alford1, J H Vera1,2

  • 1Department of Global Health and Infection, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex Brighton, UK.

British Medical Bulletin
|June 6, 2018
PubMed

Insights

HIV-associated cognitive impairment (HAND) persists despite treatment, affecting quality of life. Research highlights inflammation

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Cognitive disorders are prevalent in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), impacting quality of life.
  • Antiretroviral therapy reduces HAND severity but not frequency, posing clinical challenges in an aging HIV population with comorbidities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent literature on HIV-associated cognitive impairment (HAND).
  • To explore the multifactorial pathogenesis, risk factors, and evolving understanding of HAND.
  • To identify emerging research areas for improved diagnosis and treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent publications on HIV-associated cognitive impairment (HAND).

Main Results:

  • HAND pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving viral, antiretroviral, and individual factors.
  • Prevalence varies by study population and assessment tools; disease progression is poorly understood.
  • Inflammation is increasingly recognized as a significant contributor to HAND.

Conclusions:

  • The role of psychiatric conditions like depression in HAND requires clinical attention.
  • Aging HIV populations present new management challenges.
  • Developing clinical biomarkers, advanced imaging, and anti-inflammatory therapeutics are crucial for future HAND research and management.
Abstract

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