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Related Concept Videos

The Nucleosome Core Particle02:10

The Nucleosome Core Particle

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Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
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Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
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Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
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DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
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Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Preparation of Multifunctional Silk-Based Microcapsules Loaded with DNA Plasmids Encoding RNA Aptamers and Riboswitches
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Capsule-like Safe Genetic Vectors-Cell-Penetrating Core-Shell Particles Selectively Release Functional Small RNA and

Han Yu1,2, Houwen Matthew Pan3,4, Evalin1

  • 1Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine , National University of Singapore , 5 Science Drive 2 , 117545 , Singapore.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|June 6, 2018
PubMed
Summary

New polymeric core-shell particles offer a novel solution for genetic therapy. These particles efficiently deliver small interfering RNA (siRNA) for gene knockdown, outperforming traditional methods and protecting genetic material.

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gene deliverygene silencinghydrogelinwards buildupparticle

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Nanotechnology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Genetic therapy advancements are hindered by the absence of effective genetic vector systems.
  • Recombinant nucleic acid delivery necessitates safe and efficient methods to overcome cellular barriers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize novel permeability-tunable, polymeric, micron-sized, core-shell particles for nucleic acid delivery.
  • To evaluate the potential of these particles as both preloaded cargo vectors and RNA-producing micro-bioreactors.
  • To assess the efficiency of these particles in delivering small interfering RNA (siRNA) and achieving gene knockdown in target cells.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of core-shell particles with tunable permeability.
  • Characterization of particle size and cargo release kinetics.
  • Assessment of particle internalization by human tissue culture cells and primary peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
  • Evaluation of siRNA delivery efficiency and gene knockdown of lamin A/C in HEK293T cells.
  • Comparison of particle-mediated delivery with conventional lipofection.

Main Results:

  • Particles demonstrated selective release of small hairpin RNA (shRNA) while retaining the DNA template.
  • Particle internalization by cells was inversely correlated with particle size and cell-to-particle ratio.
  • Up to 50% of monocytes showed positive particle uptake.
  • Efficient delivery of siRNA resulted in functional knockdown of lamin A/C, surpassing lipofection efficacy.
  • Particles protected nucleic acids from degradation and prevented direct contact with host cell genomes.

Conclusions:

  • Polymeric core-shell particles represent a promising delivery vector system for genetic therapy and vaccination.
  • These particles offer advantages in protecting nucleic acids and ensuring targeted delivery.
  • Further exploration of these particles for therapeutic applications, including genetic therapy and vaccination, is warranted.