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Related Concept Videos

Histone Variants at the Centromere02:30

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Histone variants are the histone proteins with structural and sequence variations. These variants may be regarded as “mutant” forms that replace their canonical histone counterparts in the nucleosomes. Specific post-translational modifications on the histone variants enable further chromatin complexity and regulate tissue-specific gene expression. The most common histone variants are from histone H2A, H2B, and linker histone H1 families. However, several variants of histone H3...
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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Immunofluorescence Analysis of Endogenous and Exogenous Centromere-kinetochore Proteins
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Immunofluorescence Analysis of Endogenous and Exogenous Centromere-kinetochore Proteins

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Transcribing Centromeres: Noncoding RNAs and Kinetochore Assembly.

Paul B Talbert1, Steven Henikoff1

  • 1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, Seattle, WA 98109, USA.

Trends in Genetics : TIG
|June 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Centromeric transcription, the production of RNA from centromeres, is newly found to be essential for assembling kinetochore protein complexes. This RNA plays a crucial role in stabilizing and localizing key kinetochore proteins, impacting chromosome segregation.

Keywords:
Aurora-BCENP-ACENP-CHJURPKNL2

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Chromosome segregation relies on spindle microtubules attaching to centromeres via kinetochore complexes.
  • Previous research noted RNA in kinetochores but lacked functional understanding.
  • Centromeric transcription is a recently identified process potentially linked to kinetochore assembly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional role of centromeric transcription in kinetochore assembly.
  • To explore the connection between centromeric RNA and kinetochore protein function.
  • To understand the novel role of noncoding RNA in chromosome segregation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of centromeric transcription and its relationship with nucleosome loading.
  • Biochemical assays to determine kinetochore protein binding to centromeric transcripts.
  • Investigation of non-B DNA forms at centromeres and their potential role in transcription.

Main Results:

  • Evidence suggests centromeric nucleosome loading is coupled to centromeric transcription.
  • Specific kinetochore proteins bind to centromeric transcripts, requiring them for stabilization and localization.
  • Centromeres exhibit promoter activity and non-B DNA structures that may facilitate transcription.

Conclusions:

  • Centromeric transcription is essential for the cotranscriptional assembly of kinetochores.
  • Centromeric noncoding RNAs have a novel function in regulating kinetochore formation, distinct from other known RNA roles.
  • This discovery provides new insights into the regulation of chromosome segregation.