Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Conjugate Addition (1,4-Addition) vs Direct Addition (1,2-Addition)01:27

Conjugate Addition (1,4-Addition) vs Direct Addition (1,2-Addition)

4.4K
α,β-Unsaturated carbonyl compounds with two electrophilic sites, the carbonyl carbon, and the β carbon, are susceptible to nucleophilic attack via two modes: conjugate or 1,4-addition and direct or 1,2-addition.
Conjugate addition results in a thermodynamically stable product. The reaction retains the stronger C=O bond at the expense of the weaker C=C π bond. The process is slow as the β carbon is less electrophilic than the carbonyl carbon.
Direct addition products are...
4.4K
pH Scale02:41

pH Scale

80.1K
Hydronium and hydroxide ions are present both in pure water and in all aqueous solutions, and their concentrations are inversely proportional as determined by the ion product of water (Kw). The concentrations of these ions in a solution are often critical determinants of the solution’s properties and the chemical behaviors of its other solutes. Two different solutions can differ in their hydronium or hydroxide ion concentrations by a million, billion, or even trillion times. A common means of...
80.1K
Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides01:15

Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides

4.9K
 Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth.  Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the...
4.9K
Steel Manufacturing01:26

Steel Manufacturing

1.5K
Steel manufacturing is a multi-stage process that begins by smelting iron ore into cast iron in a blast furnace. This initial stage involves layering iron ore with coke, a type of fuel, and crushed limestone within the furnace. The coke is ignited with a high volume of air, leading to the creation of carbon monoxide, which acts to reduce the iron ore to pure iron.
During this smelting process, limestone plays a crucial role by forming slag. Slag captures impurities within the molten iron, such...
1.5K
Conjugate Addition of Enolates: Michael Addition01:08

Conjugate Addition of Enolates: Michael Addition

3.6K
The attack of a nucleophile at the β carbon of an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound is called conjugate addition. Conjugate addition reactions of active methylene compounds, such as β-diketones, β-keto esters, β-keto nitriles, and α-nitro ketones, are called Michael addition reactions.
3.6K
Scaling01:26

Scaling

596
In designing and analyzing filters, resonant circuits, or circuit analysis at large, working with standard element values like 1 ohm, 1 henry, or 1 farad can be convenient before scaling these values to more realistic figures. This approach is widely utilized by not employing realistic element values in numerous examples and problems; it simplifies mastering circuit analysis through convenient component values. The complexity of calculations is thereby reduced, with the understanding that...
596

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Stronger when wet: Aquatically robust chitinous objects via zero-waste coordination with metal ions.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

A low-cost biocompatible and biodegradable multipurpose resistive ink for monitoring biological systems.

Journal of materials chemistry. B·2025
Same author

Chitosan-based electroconductive inks without chemical reaction for cost-effective and versatile 3D printing for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and strain-sensing applications.

Carbohydrate polymers·2024
Same author

A Novel Ear Impression-Taking Method Using Structured Light Imaging and Machine Learning: A Pilot Proof of Concept Study with Patients' Feedback on Prototype.

Journal of clinical medicine·2024
Same author

Classification, registration and segmentation of ear canal impressions using convolutional neural networks.

Medical image analysis·2024
Same author

Lexicon for classifying ear-canal shapes.

Scientific reports·2023

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Additive Manufacturing of Functionally Graded Ceramic Materials by Stereolithography
06:53

Additive Manufacturing of Functionally Graded Ceramic Materials by Stereolithography

Published on: January 25, 2019

15.1K

Large-scale additive manufacturing with bioinspired cellulosic materials.

Naresh D Sanandiya1, Yadunund Vijay1, Marina Dimopoulou1

  • 1Singapore University of Technology & Design, 8 Somapah Road, 487372, Singapore, Singapore.

Scientific Reports
|June 7, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed fungal-like adhesive materials (FLAM) using cellulose and chitin for large-scale 3D printing. This innovation offers a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to traditional manufacturing methods.

More Related Videos

Bacterial Cellulose Spheres that Encapsulate Solid Materials
04:42

Bacterial Cellulose Spheres that Encapsulate Solid Materials

Published on: February 26, 2021

5.0K
Manufacturing Of Robust Natural Fiber Preforms Utilizing Bacterial Cellulose as Binder
10:47

Manufacturing Of Robust Natural Fiber Preforms Utilizing Bacterial Cellulose as Binder

Published on: May 22, 2014

28.1K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Additive Manufacturing of Functionally Graded Ceramic Materials by Stereolithography
06:53

Additive Manufacturing of Functionally Graded Ceramic Materials by Stereolithography

Published on: January 25, 2019

15.1K
Bacterial Cellulose Spheres that Encapsulate Solid Materials
04:42

Bacterial Cellulose Spheres that Encapsulate Solid Materials

Published on: February 26, 2021

5.0K
Manufacturing Of Robust Natural Fiber Preforms Utilizing Bacterial Cellulose as Binder
10:47

Manufacturing Of Robust Natural Fiber Preforms Utilizing Bacterial Cellulose as Binder

Published on: May 22, 2014

28.1K

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Biotechnology
  • Sustainable Manufacturing

Background:

  • Cellulose is Earth's most abundant organic compound, but its use in 3D fabrication is limited by polluting derivatives, plastic use, scalability issues, and high costs.
  • Current methods often rely on plastic composites or chemically modified cellulose, hindering sustainable applications.
  • The fungal-like cell walls of oomycetes inspired a novel approach to cellulose utilization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate a generalizable method for manufacturing large 3D objects using cellulose.
  • To develop a sustainable, cost-effective, and scalable alternative to existing 3D printing materials.
  • To create strong, lightweight materials from abundant biological polymers.

Main Methods:

  • Inspired by oomycete cell walls, cellulose fibers were combined with small amounts of chitin.
  • The resulting fungal-like adhesive material(s) (FLAM) were produced.
  • Material properties were assessed for strength, weight, and processability.

Main Results:

  • A novel fungal-like adhesive material (FLAM) was successfully created using cellulose and chitin.
  • The FLAM demonstrated strength and lightweight properties suitable for 3D object manufacturing.
  • The material is inexpensive and can be processed using woodworking techniques.

Conclusions:

  • This study presents the first large-scale additive manufacturing method utilizing ubiquitous biological polymers.
  • The developed FLAM offers a sustainable, cost-effective, and scalable solution for 3D object fabrication.
  • This approach is poised to catalyze a transition towards environmentally benign and circular manufacturing models.