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Detection of high CD44 expression in oral cancers using the novel monoclonal antibody, C44Mab-5

Shinji Yamada1, Shunsuke Itai1, Takuro Nakamura1

  • 1Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.

Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports
|June 7, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Researchers developed a novel antibody, C44Mab-5, that targets both standard CD44 (CD44s) and variant CD44 (CD44v3-10) isoforms. This antibody shows high reactivity with oral cancer cells, suggesting its potential for cancer diagnostics and research.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • CD44 is a transmembrane glycoprotein regulating cell functions.
  • Alternative splicing of CD44 generates various isoforms, including CD44 standard (CD44s) and variant isoforms (CD44v).
  • CD44 variant isoforms are implicated in cancer progression and serve as therapeutic targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop novel anti-CD44 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs).
  • To characterize a specific mAb, C44Mab-5, for its reactivity with CD44 isoforms.
  • To evaluate the potential of C44Mab-5 in detecting oral cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Immunization of mice with CHO-K1 cells overexpressing CD44v3-10.
  • Hybridoma technology to generate anti-CD44 mAbs.
  • Flow cytometry and immunohistochemical analysis to assess C44Mab-5 reactivity.

Main Results:

  • A novel mAb, C44Mab-5 (IgG1, kappa), was generated.
  • C44Mab-5 recognized both CD44s and CD44v3-10 isoforms.
  • C44Mab-5 demonstrated high reactivity with various oral cancer cell lines and detected 91.2% of oral cancer specimens.

Conclusions:

  • C44Mab-5 is a promising antibody for detecting CD44 expression.
  • The antibody's reactivity with oral cancers suggests its utility in oral cancer research and diagnostics.
Keywords:
ACC, adenoid cystic carcinomaBSA, bovine serum albuminCBIS, cell-based immunization and screeningCD44DAB, 3,3-diaminobenzidine tetrahydrochlorideDMEM, Dulbecco's Modified Eagle's MediumEDTA, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acidFBS, fetal bovine serumImmunohistochemistryMEC, mucoepidermoid carcinomaMonoclonal antibodyOral cancerPBS, phosphate-buffered salineSCC, squamous cell carcinomamAb, monoclonal antibody

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