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Correlates of Positive Parenting Behaviors
Kerri E Woodward1,2, Debra L Boeldt3,4, Robin P Corley4
1Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 345 UCB Muenzinger D244, Boulder, CO, 80309-0345, USA. Kerri.woodward@colorado.edu.
Behavior Genetics
|June 8, 2018
Summary
Maternal and child traits influence parenting. Girls receive more positive parenting due to genetic and environmental factors, possibly linked to developmental differences.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Psychology
- Behavioral Genetics
- Family Studies
Background:
- Understanding the etiology of parenting behaviors is crucial for child development.
- Previous research highlights the interplay of genetic and environmental factors in parenting.
- The role of child characteristics and gender in shaping parenting requires further investigation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the influence of maternal and child characteristics on parenting behaviors.
- To investigate the genetic and environmental contributions to positive parenting.
- To explore gender differences in parenting behaviors and their underlying influences.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a genetically informative study design with 976 twin pairs and their mothers.
- Coded indicators of positive parenting during parent-child interactions from 7 to 36 months of age.
- Analyzed child cognitive abilities, affection, and gender as potential correlates and moderators.
Main Results:
- Child cognitive abilities and affection were independent correlates of positive parenting.
- Significant gender differences were observed in the genetic and environmental influences on parenting.
- Girls exhibited more positive parenting than boys, with distinct etiological pathways (shared environment for girls, additive genetics for boys).
Conclusions:
- Parenting behaviors are influenced by a combination of maternal, child, genetic, and environmental factors.
- Developmental gender differences in child cognitive abilities and affection may explain why girls evoke more positive parenting.
- These findings underscore the importance of considering gender and child characteristics in understanding parenting dynamics.
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