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Multi-channel optical fiber refractometer based on tree topology structure.

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    This study presents a novel three-channel optical fiber refractometer using an S fiber taper (SFT) and fiber Bragg grating (FBG). This device accurately monitors surrounding refractive index (SRI) with high sensitivity and minimal temperature cross-sensitivity.

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    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Optical Sensing
    • Fiber Optic Sensors
    • Interferometry

    Background:

    • Refractive index (RI) sensing is crucial in various scientific and industrial applications.
    • Traditional refractometers often face limitations in sensitivity, multiplexing, and temperature compensation.
    • Optical fiber sensors offer advantages like remote sensing, immunity to electromagnetic interference, and miniaturization.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel multi-channel optical fiber refractometer.
    • To utilize an S fiber taper (SFT) as an in-line Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) band-pass filter (BPF).
    • To achieve simultaneous measurement of surrounding refractive index (SRI) with temperature cross-sensitivity compensation.

    Main Methods:

    • Cascading an S fiber taper (SFT) with a fiber Bragg grating (FBG).
    • The SFT functions as a band-pass filter (BPF) to modulate the FBG reflection spectrum.
    • Discriminating variations in the center wavelength and peak power of FBG reflections for multi-channel SRI monitoring.

    Main Results:

    • Experimental demonstration of a three-channel SRI monitor.
    • Achieved RI sensitivities of 345.54, 349.57, and 463.60 dB/RIU for Channels 1, 2, and 3, respectively.
    • Successfully addressed temperature cross-sensitivity by interrogating the FBG's center wavelength.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed SFT-FBG based optical fiber refractometer offers a compact and effective solution for multi-channel SRI sensing.
    • The device exhibits high RI sensitivity and robust temperature compensation capabilities.
    • This technology holds potential for applications requiring precise refractive index measurements in diverse environments.