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Hemoglobinosis C in Morocco : A report of 111 cas

Zhor Ouzzif, Aissam El Maataoui, Nadia Oukhedda

    La Tunisie Medicale
    |June 8, 2018
    PubMed

    Insights

    Hemoglobin C disease, a global variant, was studied in 111 Moroccan cases over 12 years. Diagnosis involved various etiological groups, highlighting the need for genetic counseling and neonatal screening.

    Area of Science:

    • Hematology
    • Biochemistry
    • Genetics

    Background:

    • Hemoglobin C is a globally prevalent hemoglobin variant, with high incidence in West Africa and Southeast Asia.
    • This study focuses on cases of Hemoglobin C disease observed over a 12-year period at the Rabat Military Hospital Mohammed V.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To report and analyze cases of Hemoglobin C disease diagnosed over the past twelve years.
    • To characterize the epidemiological and clinical profiles of Hemoglobin C disease in the Moroccan population.

    Main Methods:

    • A retrospective analysis of 111 Hemoglobin C disease cases.
    • Data collection included epidemiological, clinical, and biological exploration results via questionnaire.
    • Screening involved hemoglobin electrophoresis (acid and alkaline pH) and hematological tests.

    Main Results:

    • The study identified a sex ratio of 1.22, with diagnosis ages ranging from 4 to 80 years (mean 38).
    • North-West Morocco showed a higher prevalence. Common reasons for testing included biological abnormalities, splenomegaly, and anemia.
    • Etiological groups identified were heterozygous A/C (75%), homozygous C/C (8%), double heterozygous S/C (9%), C/β+-thal (6%), and C/O-Arab (2%).

    Conclusions:

    • Findings align with existing literature on Hemoglobin C disease.
    • Emphasizes the critical role of genetic counseling.
    • Recommends the implementation of a national systematic neonatal screening program.
    Abstract

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