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Sleep disorders in the elderly: a growing challenge.

Kamalesh K Gulia¹, Velayudhan Mohan Kumar¹

¹Division of Sleep Research, Biomedical Technology Wing, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum, India.

Psychogeriatrics : the Official Journal of the Japanese Psychogeriatric Society

|June 8, 2018

Summary

As people age, sleep patterns change, leading to difficulties falling and staying asleep. Older adults experience more light sleep and are prone to sleep disorders, impacting overall health.

Keywords:

circadian rhythm insomnia old age sleep pattern sleep rhythm sleep stages

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Sleep Medicine

Background:

Sleep patterns significantly change with age, differing from the extensive sleep needs of newborns.
Older adults often struggle with sleep duration and continuity, experiencing more fragmented sleep.
Alterations in sleep are a normal part of the aging process, affecting sleep architecture and timing.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the changes in sleep patterns and prevalence of sleep disorders in the elderly population.
To understand the relationship between aging, sleep disturbances, and associated health conditions.

Main Methods:

The study reviews existing literature on sleep patterns in aging individuals.
It analyzes the prevalence of common sleep disorders in older adults.
It explores the association between age-related medical conditions and sleep disturbances.

Main Results:

Older adults experience reduced deep sleep and increased time in lighter sleep stages.
Circadian rhythm efficiency decreases, leading to advanced sleep phase and early morning awakenings.
Sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome, and periodic limb movement disorder are more prevalent in the elderly.

Conclusions:

Sleep disturbances are common in older adults and are linked to a decline in sleep quality and quantity.
Increased prevalence of sleep disorders in the elderly poses risks for various health issues, including cardiovascular diseases and mental health conditions.
Age-related medical comorbidities frequently exacerbate sleep disturbances in older individuals.