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Related Concept Videos

Animal and Plant Cell Structure01:30

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Animal and plant cells not only differ in their structure, function, and mode of nutrition but also in how they reproduce, specialize, and organize into complex structures.
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Though both plant and animal cells divide by mitosis (for non-gametic cells) and meiosis (for gametic cells), they differ in the specifics of this process. Unlike animal cells, plant cells lack centrosomes — an organelle responsible for organizing the spindle fibers and segregating the chromosomes during...
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Tonicity describes the capacity of a cell to lose or gain water. It depends on the quantity of solute that does not penetrate the membrane. Tonicity delimits the magnitude and direction of osmosis and results in three possible scenarios that alter the volume of a cell: hypertonicity, hypotonicity, and isotonicity. Due to differences in structure and physiology, tonicity of plant cells is different from that of animal cells in some scenarios.
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The plant cell wall gives plant cells shape, support, and protection. As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to the cell type. For example, the parenchyma cells of leaves possess only a thin, primary cell wall.
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Genotyping of Plant and Animal Samples without Prior DNA Purification
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iPSCs: A Comparison between Animals and Plants.

Ya Lin Sang1, Zhi Juan Cheng1, Xian Sheng Zhang2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, China; These authors contributed equally to this work.

Trends in Plant Science
|June 9, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) can be generated from somatic cells in both mammals and plants. This study compares the mechanisms of plant and animal induced PSC generation to foster cross-disciplinary research and breakthroughs.

Keywords:
apical meristemcellular identityde novo organogenesisepigenetic modificationinduced pluripotent stem cells

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Area of Science:

  • Stem cell biology
  • Developmental biology
  • Plant and animal science

Background:

  • Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) are crucial for development, capable of differentiating into all cell types.
  • PSCs naturally occur in mammalian embryos and plant meristems.
  • Induced PSCs (iPSCs) can be generated from somatic cells via reprogramming in both species.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the mechanisms of pluripotency gene activation and cell fate transition in plant and animal induced PSC generation.
  • To identify potential areas for cross-disciplinary learning between plant and animal stem cell research.
  • To stimulate independent breakthroughs in the field of induced pluripotency.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of recent studies on plant and animal induced PSC generation.
  • Review of mechanisms underlying pluripotency gene activation.
  • Examination of cell fate transition processes during iPSC induction.

Main Results:

  • Identified conserved and divergent mechanisms in plant and animal iPSC generation.
  • Highlighted key differences in pluripotency gene regulation and cell fate control.
  • Provided a framework for understanding shared principles and species-specific adaptations.

Conclusions:

  • Comparing plant and animal iPSC generation mechanisms can lead to mutual learning.
  • This comparative approach may accelerate advancements and foster novel discoveries in stem cell biology.
  • Interdisciplinary collaboration holds significant potential for breakthroughs in induced pluripotency research.