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Detecting Item Preknowledge Using a Predictive Checking Method.

Xi Wang¹, Yang Liu², Ronald K Hambleton³

¹Measured Progress, Dover, NH, USA.

Applied Psychological Measurement

|June 9, 2018

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a predictive checking method to detect preknowledge in repeated test items. The method effectively identifies compromised items, even with a short secure section, ensuring test integrity.

Keywords:

Bayesian inference generalized fiducial inference item preknowledge predictive checking test security

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Area of Science:

Psychometrics
Educational Measurement
Statistical Modeling

Background:

Repeated use of test items in high-stakes testing can lead to item compromise.
Test taker preknowledge of specific items can invalidate assessment results.
Detecting item compromise is crucial for maintaining the validity and fairness of testing programs.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and evaluate a predictive checking method for detecting preknowledge on repeatedly used test items.
To assess the effectiveness of the proposed method in identifying possibly compromised items.
To investigate the method's performance under various conditions, including different estimation techniques and test statistics.

Main Methods:

Utilizing responses from secure items (low exposure rates) to estimate individual proficiency distributions.
Constructing predictive distributions for responses on potentially compromised items based on estimated proficiencies.
Comparing observed responses on repeatedly used items against the predictive distribution to identify preknowledge.

Main Results:

The proposed predictive checking method demonstrated well-controlled Type I error rates in simulation studies.
The method proved effective in detecting preknowledge, particularly when a large proportion of items were compromised.
The method's efficacy was noted even with a limited number of secure items.

Conclusions:

The developed predictive checking method is a viable tool for detecting item preknowledge in testing programs.
The method offers a robust approach to maintaining test security and validity in the face of item reuse.
The practical application of the method is supported by an empirical example, highlighting its real-world utility.