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Brief Report: Clusters and Trajectories Across the Autism and/or ADHD Spectrum.
S LaBianca1,2, A K Pagsberg3, K D Jakobsen4,5
1Sct. Hans Hospital, Mental Health Center Capital Region of Denmark, Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Boserupvej 2, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark. sonja.labianca@regionh.dk.
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|June 9, 2018
Summary
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often co-occur. This study identified factors predicting ASD/ADHD severity and healthcare needs, revealing diagnostic and hospitalization gaps.
Area of Science:
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Psychiatric Genetics
Background:
- Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) frequently co-occur.
- High genetic correlation exists between ASD and ADHD.
- The DSM-5 introduced a combined ASD/ADHD spectrum concept.
Purpose of the Study:
- Identify predictors of symptom severity in the ASD/ADHD spectrum.
- Determine factors influencing healthcare needs within this spectrum.
- Investigate diagnostic and hospitalization patterns.
Main Methods:
- Recruited 39 families with multiple individuals affected by ASD/ADHD.
- Retrieved diagnoses and characteristics from psychiatric clinic records.
- Utilized the Danish health register for hospitalization data.
- Applied cluster analysis to identify patient trajectories.
Main Results:
- 31% of ASD/ADHD patients had no hospitalization history.
- 35% of hospitalized ASD/ADHD patients remained undiagnosed.
- Cluster analysis revealed distinct trajectories based on diagnosis age, education, severity, hospitalization, and genetic risk.
Conclusions:
- Significant diagnostic and treatment gaps exist for individuals with ASD/ADHD.
- Predictors of severity and healthcare needs vary significantly.
- Further research is needed to understand the ASD/ADHD spectrum and optimize care.
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