Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Competing-Risk Nomogram for Predicting Cancer-Specific Survival in Multiple Primary Colorectal Cancer Patients after Surgery
Published on: September 27, 2024
Potential Effect of Cyclophosphamide on Bleb Survival in Five Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Who Underwent Glaucoma
Andrea Giudiceandrea1, Maria Emanuela Toro2, Andrea Scupola1
1Ophthalmology Division - Department of Head and Neck Surgery of Catholic University of "Sacro Cuore", Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli", Rome, Italy.
Introduction:
The purpose of this case series was to report the potential role of cyclophosphamide (CY) on bleb survival and to evaluate the safety of the trabeculectomy procedure under immunosuppressant systemic therapy.
Case Series:
Five eyes of five patients with unresponsive to intraocular pressure (IOP) lowering medication, progressive glaucoma, underwent mytomicin C (MMC) augmented phaco-trabeculectomy, performed by the same surgeon, A.G., during the period from May 2015 to January 2016. All patients were treated with low doses of systemic CY at the time of surgery, to control their relapsing progressive multiple sclerosis (MS) form.
Results:
During a mean follow-up period of 20.6 ± 8.1 months, for cases of "complete success" (when the IOP was < 15 mmHg without glaucoma therapy) were observed, while one case was classified as a "qualified success" since the IOP was ≤ 15 mmHg with β-blocker drops. There were no bleb infections, nor bleb-related complications.
Conclusion:
This study reports the safety of performing the filtration surgical procedure under immunosuppressant systemic therapy and provides a possible explication of CY anti-fibrotic mechanism and its possible role on bleb survival. Our findings may suggest new perspectives of study in this field.
Related Concept Videos
Cell Motility through Blebbing
Blebbing Through the Matrix
In multicellular...
Glaucoma: Overview
Survival Curves
The Kaplan-Meier estimator is the most common method for constructing survival curves. This...
Survival Tree
Building a Survival Tree
Constructing a...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

