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β-lactam antibiotics & vancomycin increase the growth & virulence of Candida spp

Rossana de Aguiar Cordeiro1, Antonio José de Jesus Evangelista1, Rosana Serpa2

  • 1Department of Pathology & Legal Medicine, Medical Mycology Specialized Center, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.

Future Microbiology
|June 9, 2018
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Antibiotics can unexpectedly increase the growth and virulence of Candida species, a common cause of invasive infections. This finding suggests antimicrobial therapy may impact invasive fungal infection development.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Invasive fungal infections caused by Candida species pose a significant threat, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
  • The interaction between antibiotics and Candida species is complex and not fully understood.
  • Understanding these interactions is crucial for managing invasive candidiasis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the direct impact of common antibiotics on the growth and virulence of key Candida species.
  • To determine if antibiotic exposure influences Candida's ability to cause invasive infections.

Main Methods:

  • Five antibiotics (cefepime, imipenem, meropenem, amoxicillin, vancomycin) were tested at peak plasma concentration (PP) and twofold PP.
  • Effects on Candida albicans, Candida parapsilosis, Candida krusei, and Candida tropicalis were assessed using colony counting, flow cytometry, proteolytic activity assays, and Caenorhabditis elegans infection models.

Main Results:

  • Antibiotics were found to increase the growth and proteolytic activity of Candida species.
  • Amoxicillin specifically enhanced the virulence of Candida krusei and Candida tropicalis in the C. elegans model.

Conclusions:

  • Antimicrobial therapy may directly influence the pathophysiology of invasive fungal infections.
  • These findings highlight a potential, previously unrecognized, role of antibiotics in exacerbating invasive candidiasis in at-risk patients.
Keywords:
Candida spp.antibioticsvirulence

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