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Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus MRSA
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Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus MRSA

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Molecular Characterization of Methicillin and Vancomycin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from

Aidin Jahanshahi1, Habib Zeighami1, Fakhri Haghi1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.

Microbial Drug Resistance (Larchmont, N.Y.)
|June 9, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) are significant healthcare threats. This study identified high rates of antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in clinical S. aureus isolates, emphasizing the need for control measures.

Area of Science:

  • Clinical Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Molecular Epidemiology

Background:

  • Nosocomial infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) pose global healthcare challenges.
  • Understanding the genetic basis of resistance and virulence is crucial for effective infection control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate antimicrobial susceptibility, resistance and virulence genes, and molecular typing of Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates.
  • To assess the prevalence of MRSA, VRSA, and multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains.
  • To correlate virulence gene profiles and biofilm formation with MRSA and MDR phenotypes.

Main Methods:

  • Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on 100 S. aureus clinical isolates.
  • Detection of resistance genes (mecA, vanA, vanB) and virulence genes (hlaA, fnbpA, cna, clfA, tsst-1, eta, spa) using molecular techniques.
  • Molecular typing was conducted using PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of the spa gene.

Main Results:

  • All isolates exhibited resistance to at least one antibiotic, with 69% resistant to amoxicillin. 46% were MRSA, and 40% were MDR.
  • Two VRSA and four vancomycin intermediate S. aureus (VISA) isolates were identified. MRSA isolates showed higher frequencies of clfA, cna, tsst-1, and eta genes.
  • A significant correlation was observed between MDR isolates and the presence of multiple virulence genes. MRSA isolates exhibited higher biofilm formation compared to MSSA.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical S. aureus isolates demonstrate significant antimicrobial resistance and carry multiple virulence genes, particularly MRSA strains.
  • The high prevalence of MDR and MRSA strains highlights the urgent need for enhanced surveillance and control strategies.
  • Molecular typing revealed distinct spa gene patterns, with S2b and S2a subtypes frequently found in MRSA isolates.
Keywords:
methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureusspa typingvancomycin resistantvirulence factors

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