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Compressibility of the protein-water interface.

Filip Persson1, Bertil Halle1

  • 1Division of Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden.

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Protein compressibility, crucial for stability and flexibility, is challenging to measure and compute. Our study reveals protein-water volume fluctuations significantly influence protein compressibility, with hydration shells showing reduced intrinsic compressibility near the protein surface.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Thermodynamics
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Protein compressibility is a key thermodynamic parameter linked to stability, flexibility, and hydrophobic interactions.
  • Measuring, interpreting, and computing protein compressibility face significant technical and conceptual hurdles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To theoretically analyze protein compressibility and apply this analysis to molecular dynamics simulations.
  • To decompose solution compressibility into protein and hydration shell contributions.
  • To investigate the contributions of protein-water volume fluctuations and hydration shell properties to overall protein compressibility.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical analysis of protein compressibility.
  • Molecular dynamics simulations of four globular proteins.
  • Additively weighted Voronoi tessellation for decomposing solution compressibility.
  • Analysis of protein-water volume fluctuations and hydration shell properties.

Main Results:

  • Positively cross-correlated protein-water volume fluctuations contribute over half of the protein compressibility governing pressure response.
  • The total protein compressibility, including cross-correlations, is approximately 45% of the bulk-water value.
  • Intrinsic hydration shell compressibility is 25%-30% lower than bulk water, primarily due to proximity to the protein.

Conclusions:

  • Protein compressibility is significantly influenced by protein-water interactions and hydration shell properties.
  • The study provides a framework for computing protein partial compressibility, distinguishing intrinsic, hydration, and exchange contributions.
  • Hydration shell compressibility is reduced near the protein surface, not due to altered water structure, but protein proximity.