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Dangerous mistake: an accidental caffeine overdose.

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A healthy woman experienced severe health issues after accidentally ingesting 5000mg of caffeine. Medical intervention successfully treated her life-threatening caffeine intoxication, including polymorphic tachycardia and metabolic acidosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Toxicology
  • Cardiology
  • Emergency Medicine

Background:

  • Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a widely consumed stimulant found in foods, beverages, and medications.
  • While generally safe at normal doses, excessive caffeine intake can lead to severe intoxication and adverse health effects.

Observation:

  • A case report details a healthy 32-year-old woman presenting to the emergency department after accidentally ingesting 5000mg of anhydrous caffeine.
  • She experienced presyncope, agitation, polymorphic broad complex QRS tachycardia, metabolic acidosis, and severe hypokalemia.

Findings:

  • The patient's dysrhythmia was effectively managed with intravenous propranolol.
  • Acid-base and hydroelectrolytic imbalances were corrected, leading to resolution of acute symptoms.
  • Persistent sinus tachycardia was noted for two days, with full asymptomatic recovery upon discharge.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the potential for severe toxicity from high-dose caffeine, even in healthy individuals.
  • Prompt recognition and management of caffeine intoxication, including cardiac and metabolic disturbances, are crucial for patient outcomes.
  • Highlights the importance of dosage awareness for pre-workout supplements containing high caffeine concentrations.