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Related Concept Videos

Titration Calculations: Strong Acid - Strong Base02:28

Titration Calculations: Strong Acid - Strong Base

34.0K
Calculating pH for Titration Solutions: Strong Acid/Strong Base
A titration is carried out for 25.00 mL of 0.100 M HCl (strong acid) with 0.100 M of a strong base NaOH. The pH at different volumes of added base solution can be calculated as follows:
(a) Titrant volume = 0 mL. The solution pH is due to the acid ionization of HCl. Because this is a strong acid, the ionization is complete and the hydronium ion molarity is 0.100 M. The pH of the solution is then:
34.0K
The Soil Ecosystem02:23

The Soil Ecosystem

24.9K
Plants obtain inorganic minerals and water from the soil, which acts as a natural medium for land plants. The composition and quality of soil depend not only on the chemical constituents but also on the presence of living organisms. In general, soils contain three major components:
24.9K
Strong Acid and Base Solutions03:22

Strong Acid and Base Solutions

35.9K
A strong acid is a compound that dissociates completely in an aqueous solution and produces a concentration of hydronium ions equal to the initial concentration of acid. For example, 0.20 M hydrobromic acid will dissociate completely in water and produces 0.20 M of hydronium ions and 0.20 M of bromide ions.
35.9K
Titration of a Strong Acid with a Strong Base01:23

Titration of a Strong Acid with a Strong Base

10.5K
During the titration of a strong acid with a strong base, pH calculations are primarily based on the concentration of residual hydronium or hydroxide ions. Initially, a strong acid like hydrochloric acid fully dissociates, creating hydronium and chloride ions, resulting in a low pH. The addition of a strong base like sodium hydroxide alters the concentration of hydronium ions by neutralizing them. As more base is added, the pH gradually increases. At the equivalence point, all hydronium ions...
10.5K
Emission Spectra02:39

Emission Spectra

76.5K
When solids, liquids, or condensed gases are heated sufficiently, they radiate some of the excess energy as light. Photons produced in this manner have a range of energies, and thereby produce a continuous spectrum in which an unbroken series of wavelengths is present.
76.5K
Titration Calculations: Weak Acid - Strong Base03:55

Titration Calculations: Weak Acid - Strong Base

49.3K
Calculating pH for Titration Solutions: Weak Acid/Strong Base
For the titration of 25.00 mL of 0.100 M CH3CO2H with 0.100 M NaOH, the reaction can be represented as:
49.3K

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Utilizing Soil Density Fractionation to Separate Distinct Soil Carbon Pools
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Utilizing Soil Density Fractionation to Separate Distinct Soil Carbon Pools

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Strong sesquiterpene emissions from Amazonian soils.

E Bourtsoukidis1, T Behrendt2, A M Yañez-Serrano3,4,5

  • 1Atmospheric Chemistry and Biogeochemistry Departments, Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Hahn-Meitner-Weg 1, 55128, Mainz, Germany. e.bourtsoukidis@mpic.de.

Nature Communications
|June 10, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Soil microbes in the Amazon rainforest emit significant amounts of sesquiterpenes (SQTs), previously unaccounted for volatile organic compounds. These microbial emissions rival canopy sources, highlighting a new understanding of atmospheric chemistry.

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Area of Science:

  • Atmospheric Chemistry
  • Microbiology
  • Ecology

Background:

  • The Amazon rainforest is a major global source of volatile isoprenoids.
  • Canopy emissions are traditionally assumed to be the primary source influencing atmospheric chemistry.
  • Recent data suggests additional, unidentified volatile sources exist.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and quantify previously unreported volatile organic compound sources in the Amazon.
  • To investigate the role of soil microorganisms in atmospheric volatile emissions.
  • To develop a model for predicting soil-atmosphere sesquiterpene fluxes.

Main Methods:

  • Laboratory analysis of soil samples to determine sesquiterpene emission rates.
  • Investigating the influence of soil moisture, oxygen, and microbial activity (rRNA abundance) on emissions.
  • Developing a predictive model for soil-atmosphere sesquiterpene fluxes.

Main Results:

  • Soil microorganisms are a significant source of reactive sesquiterpenes (SQTs).
  • SQT emissions from Terra Firme soil during the dry season were comparable to global canopy emission models.
  • Emission rates were correlated with soil moisture, oxygen levels, and microbial transcript abundance.

Conclusions:

  • Soil microorganisms represent a major, previously unaccounted source of atmospheric sesquiterpenes.
  • This discovery establishes a critical link between soil microbial communities and atmospheric volatile organic compound dynamics.
  • Understanding these soil-based emissions is crucial for accurate atmospheric chemistry modeling.