Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 9, 2026
10:52
Protocols for Robust Herbicide Resistance Testing in Different Weed Species
Published on: July 2, 2015
15.2K
Benzoxazoles as novel herbicidal agents
Diego P Sangi1, Yuri G Meira1, Natália M Moreira1
1Chemistry Department, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Volta Redonda, Brazil.
Pest Management Science
|June 10, 2018
Summary
New benzoxazole compounds show potent herbicidal activity. The 5-chloro-2-(nitromethyl)benzo[d]oxazole derivative demonstrated superior phytotoxicity compared to commercial herbicides across multiple plant species.
Area of Science:
- Agrochemical research
- Organic synthesis
- Plant science
Background:
- Weed resistance necessitates novel herbicides with distinct modes of action.
- Benzoxazoles are recognized for biological activities, yet their phytotoxic potential is underexplored.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize and evaluate novel benzoxazole derivatives for herbicidal properties.
- To investigate the structure-activity relationship of benzoxazoles in phytotoxicity.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of four 2-nitromethylbenzoxazoles and one oxazolidine via double vinylic substitution.
- Reduction of a synthesized compound to yield benzoxazol-2-ylmethanamine.
- Phytotoxicity assays using Allium cepa, Solanum lycopersicum, Cucumis sativus, and Sorghum bicolor.
Main Results:
- All synthesized compounds demonstrated biological activity affecting seed germination.
- The four 2-nitromethylbenzoxazoles exhibited significant phytotoxic effects.
- 5-chloro-2-(nitromethyl)benzo[d]oxazole (3b) displayed greater inhibitory activity than a commercial herbicide on all tested species.
Conclusions:
- Benzoxazole scaffold is crucial for herbicidal activity.
- The synthesized 2-nitromethylbenzoxazoles represent promising candidates for new herbicide development.
- 5-chloro-2-(nitromethyl)benzo[d]oxazole shows potential as a highly effective agrochemical agent.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Subviral Agents
580
Subviral agents are infectious entities that resemble viruses but lack one or more viral components, such as a capsid or essential replication machinery. These agents include viroids, prions, and satellites, each possessing distinct structural and functional characteristics that influence their mode of infection and replication.Viroids are the simplest subviral agents, consisting of circular, single-stranded RNA molecules without a protein coat. They exclusively infect plants, relying entirely...
580
01:27Air-entraining Agents
276
Air-entraining agents improve the durability and workability of concrete in climates with frequent freezing and thawing. These agents prevent cracks by introducing small air bubbles into the mix, creating spaces accommodating water expansion when temperatures drop. The air-entraining agents lower the surface tension of water, forming stable, small air bubbles. This method is more effective than having accidental large voids, as the intentional, smaller, and evenly distributed air voids improve...
276
01:19Masking and Demasking Agents
3.6K
EDTA titrations may necessitate masking and demasking agents to temporarily protect a particular metal ion in a mixture from the EDTA reaction. These agents facilitate the sequential analysis of the metal ions by forming stable complexes with some—but not all—metal ions during certain steps.
There are many masking agents, such as cyanide, fluoride, triethanolamine, thiourea, and 2,3-bis(sulfanyl)propan-1-ol (formerly 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol), with the masking agent chosen based on...
There are many masking agents, such as cyanide, fluoride, triethanolamine, thiourea, and 2,3-bis(sulfanyl)propan-1-ol (formerly 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol), with the masking agent chosen based on...
3.6K
01:29Spasmolytic Agents: Chemical Classification
1.3K
Spasmolytic agents are drugs used to alleviate muscle spasms and spasticity. They can be categorized into different chemical groups based on their mechanisms of action. Centrally acting spasmolytics primarily affect the spinal cord, while others directly target skeletal muscle cells.
A major class of centrally acting spasmolytics is the α2-agonist, such as tizanidine. These drugs bind to α2-adrenoceptors, inhibiting the release of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. They also...
A major class of centrally acting spasmolytics is the α2-agonist, such as tizanidine. These drugs bind to α2-adrenoceptors, inhibiting the release of the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate. They also...
1.3K
01:06Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides
681
Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively...
681
01:26Anticholinesterase Agents: Poisoning and Treatment
1.7K
Anticholinesterases, also known as cholinesterase inhibitors, work by blocking the breakdown of acetylcholine, leading to its accumulation in the synaptic cleft. This accumulation indirectly enhances both muscarinic and nicotinic actions. These agents are classified as reversible or irreversible based on their mechanism of action.
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is...
Irreversible agents form a strong bond with the cholinesterase enzyme, making it inactive. The breakdown of the phosphorylated enzyme is...
1.7K