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Related Concept Videos

Sampling Plans01:23

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Sampling is a crucial step in analytical chemistry, allowing researchers to collect representative data from a large population. Common sampling methods include random, judgmental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling.
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Behavior is a product of both the situation (e.g., cultural influences, social roles, and the presence of bystanders) and of the person (e.g., personality characteristics). Subfields of psychology tend to focus on one influence or behavior over others. Situationism is the view that our behavior and actions are determined by our immediate environment and surroundings. In contrast, dispositionism holds that our behavior is determined by internal factors (Heider, 1958).
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Sampling materials are classified into three main types: solid, liquid, and gas.
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Sampling is a technique to select a portion (or subset) of the larger population and study that portion (the sample) to gain information about the population. Data are the result of sampling from a population. The sampling method ensures that samples are drawn without bias and accurately represent the population.
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Updating a 2-class attributes sampling plan to account for changes in laboratory methods.

Michael S Williams1, Eric D Ebel1, Neal J Golden1

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New microbiological testing methods offer faster, cheaper results. This study presents a method to update sampling plans for new assays, ensuring criteria remain effective when switching from culture-based to real-time polymerase chain reaction testing.

Keywords:
Microbiological criterionPrevalenceSensitivitySpecificity

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Statistics

Background:

  • Microbiological testing methods have advanced, offering increased speed and reduced costs.
  • Changes in assay performance characteristics, such as sensitivity and specificity, can impact the reliability of existing microbiological criteria.
  • Existing sampling plans may not be suitable for newer, more efficient testing methodologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe a method for updating a 2-class attributes sampling plan to accommodate new microbiological assays.
  • To account for variations in test sensitivity and specificity between older and newer testing methods.
  • To provide a practical example of updating a sampling plan for a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay replacing a culture-based method.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a statistical method to adjust a 2-class attributes sampling plan.
  • Incorporation of new assay performance data (sensitivity and specificity) into the sampling plan calculations.
  • Application of the method using a case study comparing a traditional culture-based assay with a real-time PCR assay.

Main Results:

  • A quantifiable method for updating sampling plans based on new assay characteristics was established.
  • The study demonstrated how changes in sensitivity and specificity necessitate adjustments to sampling plan parameters.
  • The real-time PCR assay replacement example illustrated the practical application and benefits of the proposed updating method.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed method effectively updates 2-class attributes sampling plans for new microbiological testing assays.
  • Adjusting sampling plans is crucial to maintain the intended level of microbial control when assay performance changes.
  • This approach ensures the continued validity and reliability of microbiological criteria in light of technological advancements.