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Abnormal gut microbiota composition contributes to cognitive dysfunction in SAMP8 mice.

Gaofeng Zhan1, Ning Yang1, Shan Li1

  • 1Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Aging
|June 11, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Altered gut microbiota composition is linked to cognitive decline in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice. Restoring gut microbiota may offer a novel therapeutic strategy for Alzheimer's disease and cognitive dysfunction.

Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseaseSAMP8cognitive dysfunctiongut microbiotapseudo germ-free mice

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Aging is a significant risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but underlying mechanisms remain unclear.
  • The gut microbiota's influence on AD pathogenesis is an emerging area of research.
  • Senescence-accelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) mice exhibit cognitive deficits, making them a relevant model for studying age-related cognitive decline.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between gut microbiota composition and cognitive dysfunction in SAMP8 mice.
  • To determine if fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can ameliorate cognitive deficits in a mouse model.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of gut microbiota composition (using Chao 1 and Shannon indices, PCoA, and PCA) between SAMP8 and senescence-accelerated mouse resistant 1 (SAMR1) mice.
  • Fecal microbiota transplantation from SAMP8 or SAMR1 mice into pseudo germ-free mice.
  • Assessment of cognitive function, gut microbiota diversity (α- and β-diversity), and specific bacterial alterations post-transplant.

Main Results:

  • SAMP8 mice displayed significantly decreased cognitive function and abnormal gut microbiota profiles compared to SAMR1 mice.
  • A total of 27 gut bacteria differed significantly between the two mouse strains.
  • Pseudo germ-free mice receiving FMT from SAMR1 mice showed improved cognitive function and normalized microbiota diversity, unlike those receiving FMT from SAMP8 mice.

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive dysfunction in SAMP8 mice is strongly associated with an abnormal gut microbiota composition.
  • Modulating the gut microbiota through transplantation may represent a potential therapeutic avenue for treating cognitive dysfunction and Alzheimer's disease.