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Passive Heat Exposure Alters Perception and Executive Function.

Rachel A Malcolm1, Simon Cooper1, Jonathan P Folland2

  • 1Department of Sport Sciences, Sport, Health and Performance Enhancement Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom.

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|June 12, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Passive heat exposure impairs cognitive function, slowing response times on perception and executive function tasks. However, accuracy may improve on perceptual tasks, suggesting a speed-accuracy trade-off effect in the heat.

Keywords:
cognitive functioncore temperaturehyperthermiapassiveperceptual responses

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Psychology
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Human Physiology

Background:

  • Cognitive function is sensitive to environmental conditions, with heat's impact being a key area of research.
  • Previous studies on heat exposure and cognition have yielded inconsistent findings due to methodological variations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effects of passive heat exposure on various cognitive functions in a controlled setting.
  • To examine physiological and subjective responses to heat exposure during cognitive testing.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized crossover design involving 41 male participants.
  • Cognitive tests (Visual Search, Stroop, Corsi Blocks, RVIP) administered before and after 1-hour rest in hot or moderate conditions.
  • Measurement of physiological (core temperature, skin temperature, heart rate) and subjective (thermal sensation, arousal) responses.

Main Results:

  • Slower response times were observed in the hot condition for Stroop and Visual Search tests.
  • Increased accuracy was noted in the hot trial for the simple Visual Search test.
  • Accuracy improved in the complex Visual Search test following heat exposure, unlike in the moderate condition.
  • Elevated core temperature, skin temperature, heart rate, and subjective arousal were recorded in the hot trial.

Conclusions:

  • Passive heat exposure negatively impacts cognitive performance, particularly affecting response times in perception and executive function tasks.
  • Enhanced accuracy on certain perceptual tasks suggests a potential speed-accuracy trade-off mechanism in response to heat.
  • The cognitive effects of heat are task-dependent, highlighting the complexity of thermoregulation's influence on the brain.