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Related Concept Videos

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway01:20

The JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway

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Several cytokine receptors have tightly bound Janus kinase or JAK proteins attached at their cytosolic tail. Small signaling molecules such as cytokines, growth hormones, or prolactins bind to the cytokine receptors and initiate their dimerization. The dimerization brings the cytosolic JAKs together that trans-phosphorylate and activates each other. The activated JAKs now phosphorylate cytosolic tails of the cytokine receptors, which serve as binding sites for adaptor proteins such as  SH2...
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Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors01:52

Eukaryotic Transcription Inhibitors

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Certain biochemical processes, such as embryonic development and cell growth regulation, depend on the repression of specific genes. DNA binding proteins known as eukaryotic transcription inhibitors regulate the repression of gene expression in eukaryotes. The presence of these inhibitors at the required location and time in the cell is triggered by the presence of hormones and additional signals from other cells.
Eukaryotic transcription inhibitors usually contain two distinct domains, a...
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Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors01:23

Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors

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Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a...
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Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors01:25

Antihypertensive Drugs: Direct Renin Inhibitors

1.5K
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is an intricate physiological pathway involving numerous enzymes and hormones, including renin, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), angiotensin I and II, and aldosterone. Imbalances within this system increase the production of angiotensin II and aldosterone. Increased angiotensin II levels promote vasoconstriction and blood pressure elevation. Concurrently, higher aldosterone levels stimulate sodium and water reabsorption in the kidneys,...
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Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors01:30

Antihypertensive Drugs: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors

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Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), a vital component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, is abundant in lung endothelial cells. ACE converts the inactive decapeptide, angiotensin I, into the active octapeptide, angiotensin II. This potent vasoconstrictor narrows blood vessels, increasing resistance to blood flow and elevating blood pressure. Angiotensin II also stimulates aldosterone production, encouraging kidney cells to reabsorb more sodium and water from urine, thereby increasing...
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Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors01:28

Treatment for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors

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Phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors are potent enzymes that function to hydrolyze cyclic nucleotides to their corresponding 5' monophosphates. Their unique biochemical properties have been applied in treating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH).
Among the PDE5 inhibitors, sildenafil (Revatio) stands out as a competitive and selective inhibitor. It operates by elevating cellular levels of cGMP and augmenting signaling through the cGMP-PKG pathway, promoting vasodilation. Upon oral...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors
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A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors

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JAK inhibitors in autoinflammation.

Hal M Hoffman, Lori Broderick

    The Journal of Clinical Investigation
    |June 12, 2018
    PubMed
    Summary

    Baricitinib, a JAK inhibitor, shows promise in treating interferonopathies, a group of rare autoinflammatory disorders. This research highlights JAK inhibition as a potential new therapy for these challenging conditions.

    Area of Science:

    • Immunology
    • Genetics
    • Pharmacology

    Background:

    • Interferonopathies are autoinflammatory diseases characterized by a type I interferon gene signature.
    • Conventional treatments like IL-1 and TNF blockade are often ineffective for interferonopathies.
    • JAK inhibitors (Jakinibs) are approved for other conditions and target the JAK/STAT pathway.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the efficacy of JAK inhibition as a novel therapeutic strategy for interferonopathies.
    • To explore the repurposing of baricitinib for treating rare autoinflammatory disorders.

    Main Methods:

    • Repurposing of baricitinib, a Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor.
    • Clinical evaluation of baricitinib in patients with interferonopathies.

    More Related Videos

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    Screening for Thermotoga maritima Membrane-Bound Pyrophosphatase Inhibitors
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    Screening for Thermotoga maritima Membrane-Bound Pyrophosphatase Inhibitors

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    Last Updated: Feb 9, 2026

    A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors
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    A Method for Screening and Validation of Resistant Mutations Against Kinase Inhibitors

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    Assays for Validating Histone Acetyltransferase Inhibitors
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    Main Results:

    • Baricitinib demonstrated significant clinical efficacy in patients with interferonopathies.
    • JAK inhibition was established as a viable therapeutic approach for this patient group.

    Conclusions:

    • Baricitinib represents a novel and effective treatment for interferonopathies.
    • Translational research in rare diseases can yield life-saving therapeutic advancements.