Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

The Born-Haber Cycle

The Born-Haber Cycle

Predicting Reaction Outcomes

Predicting Reaction Outcomes

Kinetics describes the rate and path by which a reaction occurs. In contrast, thermodynamics deals with state functions and describes the properties, behavior, and components of a system. It is not concerned with the path taken by the process and cannot address the rate at which a reaction occurs. Although it does provide information about what can happen during a reaction process, it does not describe the detailed steps of what appears on an atomic or a molecular level. On the other hand,...

Electromotive Force

Electromotive Force

Electricity is generated by either electrons or ions flowing through a solution or a conducting medium. This flow of electrons or specifically electrical charge is defined as an electric current. When electrons move through a wire, they generate an electric current. It can be recalled that in a redox reaction, electrons are lost and gained. In the spontaneous redox reaction of zinc with copper, when zinc is immersed in a copper ion solution, a transfer of electrons from one substance to...

Taping Over Different Ground Profiles

Taping Over Different Ground Profiles

Taping over varying ground profiles requires careful adaptation to achieve accurate measurements. On smooth, level ground with minimal vegetation, the tape can rest directly on the ground. Here, the taping team, typically consisting of a head and a rear tapeman, coordinates their positions with clear communication. The rear tapeman holds the tape at the starting point and guides the head tapeman toward a range pole placed beyond the endpoint, using hand or voice signals to ensure alignment.On...

Predicting Molecular Geometry

Predicting Molecular Geometry

VSEPR Theory for Determination of Electron Pair Geometries

Reaction Mechanisms

Reaction Mechanisms

Chemical reactions often occur in a stepwise fashion, involving two or more distinct reactions taking place in a sequence. A balanced equation indicates the reacting species and the product species, but it reveals no details about how the reaction occurs at the molecular level. The reaction mechanism (or reaction path) provides details regarding the precise, step-by-step process by which a reaction occurs.
For instance, the decomposition of ozone appears to follow a mechanism with two steps:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The need for a paradigm shift in the development of military exoskeletons.

European journal of sport science·2021

Same author

Shooter-System Performance Variability as a Function of Recoil Dynamics.

Human factors·2017

Same author

Ground reaction force estimates from ActiGraph GT3X+ hip accelerations.

PloS one·2014

Same author

Estimating youth locomotion ground reaction forces using an accelerometer-based activity monitor.

PloS one·2012

Same author

Identifying factors related to Achilles tendon stress, strain, and stiffness before and after 6 months of growth in youth 10-14 years of age.

Journal of biomechanics·2012

Same author

The distribution of forces between the upper and lower back during load carriage.

Medicine and science in sports and exercise·2004

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force Determination: A Demonstration Quantifying Locomotor Abilities of Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Geriatric Rats

Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force Determination: A Demonstration Quantifying Locomotor Abilities of Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Geriatric Rats

Published on: February 22, 2011

Predicting Ground Reaction Force from a Hip-Borne Accelerometer during Load Carriage.

Jennifer M Neugebauer¹, Michael Lafiandra

¹Human Research and Engineering Directorate, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen, MD.

Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise

|June 12, 2018

Summary

Researchers developed a model to predict peak vertical ground reaction forces (pGRFvert) in soldiers carrying loads using wearable activity monitor (AM) data. This method accurately estimates forces without needing a force plate, aiding operational biomechanics research.

More Related Videos

Methods Development for Blood Borne Macrophage Carriage of Nanoformulated Antiretroviral Drugs

Methods Development for Blood Borne Macrophage Carriage of Nanoformulated Antiretroviral Drugs

Published on: December 9, 2010

Experimental Human Pneumococcal Carriage

Experimental Human Pneumococcal Carriage

Published on: February 15, 2013

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force Determination: A Demonstration Quantifying Locomotor Abilities of Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Geriatric Rats

Kinematics and Ground Reaction Force Determination: A Demonstration Quantifying Locomotor Abilities of Young Adult, Middle-aged, and Geriatric Rats

Published on: February 22, 2011

Methods Development for Blood Borne Macrophage Carriage of Nanoformulated Antiretroviral Drugs

Methods Development for Blood Borne Macrophage Carriage of Nanoformulated Antiretroviral Drugs

Published on: December 9, 2010

Experimental Human Pneumococcal Carriage

Experimental Human Pneumococcal Carriage

Published on: February 15, 2013

Area of Science:

Biomechanics
Human Movement Analysis
Wearable Technology

Background:

Ground reaction forces (GRF) during load carriage differ from unloaded walking.
Quantifying peak vertical GRF (pGRFvert) in operational settings is crucial for understanding Soldier biomechanics.
Existing methods often require laboratory equipment, limiting real-world application.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a statistically based model for predicting pGRFvert during loaded walking.
To utilize data from the ActiGraph GT3X+ activity monitor (AM) vertical acceleration for this prediction.

Main Methods:

Fifteen male Soldiers walked on an instrumented treadmill with varying loads (0-46 kg) and footwear.
Data from an ActiGraph GT3X+ AM (vertical acceleration) and a force plate were collected.
A regression equation was developed using average peak vertical AM acceleration (pACCvert) and pGRFvert, validated with a leave-one-subject-out approach.

Main Results:

The predictive model incorporated pACCvert, body mass, carried load mass, and their interaction.
Cross-validation yielded an average absolute percent difference (AAPD) of 4.0% ± 2.7% and RMSE of 69.5 N.
Validation on novel datasets showed an AAPD of 5.5% ± 3.9% and RMSE of 78.7 N.

Conclusions:

A statistically derived equation accurately predicts pGRFvert in Soldiers carrying loads during walking.
This model enables GRF estimation using wearable AMs, eliminating the need for force plates in operational research.