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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 9, 2026

A Novel Inhalation Mask System to Deliver High Concentrations of Nitric Oxide Gas in Spontaneously Breathing Subjects
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Inhaled Epoprostenol Through Noninvasive Routes of Ventilator Support Systems.

Mahmoud A Ammar1, Madhu Sasidhar2, Simon W Lam3

  • 11 Department of Pharmacy, Yale-New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA.

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy
|June 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary

This study explored inhaled epoprostenol (iEPO) via noninvasive ventilation in critically ill patients. Results show iEPO can be administered noninvasively, but further research is needed to confirm its benefits.

Keywords:
BiPAPHFNCepoprostenolhypoxemiapulmonary vasodilator

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Area of Science:

  • Critical Care Medicine
  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Inhaled epoprostenol (iEPO) administration via noninvasive ventilation has not been previously studied.
  • Critically ill patients often require advanced respiratory support.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the use and evaluate the effects of iEPO administered through noninvasive routes.
  • To assess the safety and efficacy of noninvasive iEPO in intensive care unit (ICU) patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 36 critically ill ICU patients receiving iEPO via noninvasive routes.
  • Evaluated respiratory status (FiO2, PaO2/FiO2 ratio) and hemodynamic parameters.
  • Assessed safety endpoints: hypotension, hypoxemia, bleeding, and thrombocytopenia.

Main Results:

  • 16 patients showed improved respiratory status with iEPO, including decreased FiO2 and increased PaO2/FiO2 ratio.
  • 8 patients experienced worsened respiratory status, while 12 showed no change.
  • iEPO was delivered via high-flow nasal cannula (81%) or noninvasive positive-pressure ventilation (19%).

Conclusions:

  • This is the first study to evaluate iEPO administration through noninvasive routes in critically ill patients.
  • Noninvasive iEPO administration is feasible in this patient population.
  • Further investigation is required to determine the clinical benefits of this administration method.