Sex differences underlying pancreatic islet biology and its dysfunction
Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 9, 2026

Pancreatic Islet Embedding for Paraffin Sections
Published on: June 29, 2018
Maureen Gannon1, Rohit N Kulkarni2, Hubert M Tse3
1Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA; Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Health Authority, Nashville, TN, USA.
Background:
The sex of an individual affects glucose homeostasis and the pathophysiology, incidence, and prevalence of diabetes as well as the response to therapy.
Scope Of The Review:
This review focuses on clinical and experimental sex differences in islet cell biology and dysfunction during development and in adulthood in human and animal models. We discuss sex differences in β-cell and α-cell function, heterogeneity, and dysfunction. We cover sex differences in communication between gonads and islets and islet-cell immune interactions. Finally, we discuss sex differences in β-cell programming by nutrition and other environmental factors during pregnancy.
Major Conclusions:
Important sex differences exist in islet cell function and susceptibility to failure. These differences represent sex-related biological factors that can be harnessed for gender-based prevention of and therapy for diabetes.
Related Concept Videos
Glucose Homeostasis: Pancreatic Islets and Insulin Secretion
Insulin and C-peptide are...
Sex-linked Disorders
What is Conservation Biology?
Electric Potential and Potential Difference
When a test charge moves from the initial to the final position, the electric potential difference between those positions is defined as the ratio of the change in the potential energy to the charge on the...
Difference from Background: Limit of Detection
The LOD indicates the presence or absence...
Identifying Statistically Significant Differences: The F-Test

