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Area of Science:

  • Photonics
  • Optical Communications
  • Fiber Optics

Background:

  • Space-division multiplexing (SDM) is crucial for increasing optical communication capacity.
  • Fabricating large modal count devices for SDM has been challenging.
  • Photonic lanterns are key components for mode multiplexing and demultiplexing in SDM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel technique for fabricating large modal count photonic lanterns.
  • To demonstrate mode-selective photonic lanterns for SDM applications.
  • To enable scalable and repeatable manufacturing of these devices.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized graded-index fibers and microstructured templates for precise fiber positioning.
  • Designed templates for efficient mode sampling and conversion.
  • Fabricated and tested photonic lanterns supporting 10 and 15 spatial channels.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated mode-selective photonic lanterns with 10 and 15 spatial channels.
  • Achieved low insertion loss and mode-dependent loss.
  • Showcased enhanced mode selectivity when spliced to few-mode transmission fibers.
  • Validated the scalability and repeatability of the fabrication method.

Conclusions:

  • The developed technique offers a scalable and repeatable method for producing large modal count photonic lanterns.
  • These photonic lanterns are effective mode multiplexers/demultiplexers for SDM.
  • This technology is a critical enabler for future ultra-high capacity optical transmission systems.