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Related Concept Videos

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis01:37

Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis

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The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is part of the neuroendocrine system because it involves both neuronal and hormonal communication. Its function is to regulate homeostatic systems—metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune—providing the necessary means to respond to a stressor.
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Hormones of the Pituitary Gland01:27

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The small, pea-sized pituitary gland is located at the base of the brain. It is crucial in regulating various bodily functions, from growth to reproduction. The gland is divided into the anterior lobe and the posterior lobe. The secretory cell clusters in the pars distalis of the anterior pituitary lobe are controlled by hypothalamic regulators and synthesize six primary hormones.
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The pituitary is a small endocrine organ in the sphenoid bone under the hypothalamus. Primarily, the pituitary in adults has two distinct anatomical and functional regions— the anterior and posterior lobes. During human fetal development, a third pituitary gland region called the pars intermedia atrophies and disappears. However, some of its cells migrate and exist adjacent to the anterior pituitary in adults.
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The Thyroid Gland01:23

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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Perpendicular-Axis Theorem01:16

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The perpendicular-axis theorem states that the moment of inertia of a planar object about an axis perpendicular to its plane is equal to the sum of the moments of inertia about two mutually perpendicular concurrent axes lying in the plane of the body.
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Parallel-axis Theorem01:06

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The parallel-axis theorem provides a convenient and quick method of finding the moment of inertia of an object about an axis parallel to the axis passing through its center of mass. Consider a thin rod as an example. There is a striking similarity between the process of finding the moment of inertia of a thin rod about an axis through its middle, where the center of mass lies, and about an axis through its end using the conventional method. In the conventional method, the concept of linear mass...
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Related Experiment Video

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Evaluating the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid (HPT) Axis in Mice.

F E Wondisford1

  • 1Department of Medicine, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Henry Rutgers Term Chair and Chancellor Scholar Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, 08901, USA. few11@rwjms.rutgers.edu.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|June 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A standard protocol is proposed to evaluate the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis in mice. This ensures accurate conclusions about in vivo thyroid hormone action, crucial for understanding this vital endocrine system.

Keywords:
HPT axisHypothyroidismT3 regulation of hypothalamic TRHT3 suppression testTRH testingTSH and thyroid hormone (TH) levelsTSH subunit mRNA levels

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Animal Models

Background:

  • Mouse models are crucial for studying in vivo thyroid hormone action.
  • The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis is a primary site of thyroid hormone activity.
  • Current evaluations of the HPT axis in mouse studies are often insufficient, leading to potential misinterpretations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a standardized protocol for evaluating the HPT axis in mice.
  • To address the need for comprehensive HPT axis assessment in research.
  • To improve the accuracy of conclusions drawn from mouse models regarding thyroid hormone action.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a comprehensive protocol for HPT axis evaluation.
  • Detailed assessment of key components within the HPT axis.
  • Standardized data collection and analysis procedures.

Main Results:

  • The proposed protocol provides a thorough method for HPT axis assessment.
  • Implementation of this protocol can prevent erroneous conclusions.
  • Ensures reliable data for in vivo thyroid hormone action studies.

Conclusions:

  • A standardized HPT axis evaluation protocol is essential for mouse model research.
  • Accurate assessment of the HPT axis is critical for understanding thyroid hormone effects.
  • This protocol will enhance the reliability of findings in thyroid hormone research.