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Fabrication and Use of Nanopipettes in Chemical Analysis
Shudong Zhang1, Mingzhi Li1, Bin Su2
1Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
Abstract:
This review summarizes progress in the fabrication, modification, characterization, and applications of nanopipettes since 2010. A brief history of nanopipettes is introduced, and the details of fabrication, modification, and characterization of nanopipettes are provided. Applications of nanopipettes in chemical analysis are the focus in several cases, including recent progress in imaging; in the study of single molecules, single nanoparticles, and single cells; in fundamental investigations of charge transfer (ion and electron) reactions at liquid/liquid interfaces; and as hyphenated techniques combined with other methods to study the mechanisms of complicated electrochemical reactions and to conduct bioanalysis.
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