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A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
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Functional networks underlying item and source memory: shared and distinct network components and age-related

Zachary A Monge1, Matthew L Stanley1, Benjamin R Geib1

  • 1Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.

Neurobiology of Aging
|June 13, 2018
PubMed
Summary

Older adults show distinct brain network differences in source memory compared to younger adults. Medial temporal lobe connectivity patterns reveal age-related variations in memory retrieval.

Keywords:
AgingFunctional connectivityGraph theoryMemoryModularity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • The medial temporal lobes (MTLs) are crucial for both item memory (IM) and source memory (SM).
  • Distinct roles of lateral prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex in SM versus IM are known.
  • How these network differences manifest and change with age remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the functional brain networks underlying item memory and source memory.
  • To compare these network components between younger adults and older adults.
  • To elucidate age-related differences in memory network organization.

Main Methods:

  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to examine brain activity during memory tasks.
  • Participants encoded nouns with either pleasantness or size judgments before scanning.
  • Both item memory and source memory retrieval tasks were performed during fMRI scanning.

Main Results:

  • Medial temporal lobe (MTL) nodes showed similar interconnections for both IM and SM (shared components).
  • Source memory (SM) retrieval involved more intermodule connections compared to item memory (IM) (distinct components).
  • Older adults exhibited more widespread MTL node connections during SM retrieval than younger adults.

Conclusions:

  • Medial temporal lobe (MTL) connectivity supports both shared and distinct network components for item memory (IM) and source memory (SM).
  • Source memory (SM) relies on more distributed network interactions than item memory (IM).
  • Aging is associated with altered medial temporal lobe (MTL) network organization during source memory (SM) retrieval.