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Published on: July 5, 2024
A rare fungus on the rise: Candida auris
Yuman Lee1, Hongkai Bao2, Sagar Viramgama2
1Department of Clinical Health Professions, St. John's University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Queens, NY. leey2@stjohns.edu.
Purpose:
An overview of the growing health threat posed by the fungus Candida auris is provided, including a review of the literature and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommendations on C. auris identification, treatment, and infection control.
Summary:
Since C. auris was first identified in Japan in 2009, cases of C. auris infection have been on the rise in several parts of the world, including the United States, where the first case was reported in 2017; as of November 2017, a total of 206 U.S. cases in 10 states had been reported. Risk factors for C. auris infection have been difficult to identify. However, catheterization, hospitalization, and recent surgery appear to be common factors in patients with C. auris infection. Major challenges in the management of C. auris infections include the common misidentification of C. auris using conventional laboratory techniques and the pathogen's resistance profile, which includes resistance to commonly used antifungals. These challenges may lead to breakdowns in timely implementation of infection-control and prevention measures. Antimicrobial stewardship can play a key role in the management and prevention of C. auris infections.
Conclusion:
C. auris is an emerging fungus that has the potential for causing serious invasive infections. The organism is resistant to commonly used antifungals and is difficult to identify with conventional laboratory techniques. Echinocandins are currently recommended as initial therapy for the treatment of C. auris infections in adults and children at least 2 months of age.
Insights
Candida auris is a growing fungal threat causing invasive infections. This emerging pathogen is difficult to identify and resistant to antifungals, requiring specific treatment and infection control strategies.
Area of Science:
- Medical Mycology
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
Background:
- Candida auris is an emerging fungal pathogen first identified in 2009.
- Cases of Candida auris infection have increased globally, with significant outbreaks reported in the United States since 2017.
- Identified risk factors include hospitalization, catheterization, and recent surgery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of the increasing health threat posed by Candida auris.
- To review current literature and CDC recommendations for Candida auris identification, treatment, and infection control.
Main Methods:
- Literature review
- Analysis of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) data and recommendations.
Main Results:
- Candida auris presents major diagnostic challenges due to misidentification by conventional laboratory methods.
- The fungus exhibits resistance to commonly used antifungal agents, complicating treatment.
- Effective infection control and prevention measures are crucial but challenging to implement due to identification and resistance issues.
Conclusions:
- Candida auris is an emerging fungus with the potential to cause severe invasive infections.
- Echinocandins are the recommended first-line treatment for Candida auris infections in patients aged 2 months and older.
- Antimicrobial stewardship is vital for managing and preventing Candida auris infections.
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