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The effect of adherence to spectacle wear on early developing literacy: a longitudinal study based in a large

Alison Bruce1, Brian Kelly1, Bette Chambers2

  • 1Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Bradford, UK.

BMJ Open
|June 14, 2018
PubMed

Insights

Children who consistently wear prescribed spectacles show improved visual acuity (VA) and literacy. Adherence to spectacle wear is crucial for vision development and educational outcomes in young children.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Educational Psychology

Background:

  • Vision screening at age 4-5 years identifies children needing corrective lenses.
  • Adherence to spectacle wear is critical for maximizing visual potential.
  • The impact of spectacle adherence on literacy development requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the impact of adherence to spectacle wear on visual acuity (VA).
  • To assess the effect of spectacle adherence on developing literacy in children.
  • To evaluate the long-term educational implications of spectacle wear compliance.

Main Methods:

  • A longitudinal study nested within the Born in Bradford birth cohort.
  • Observation of 944 children (432 referred, 512 comparison) over 2 years post-vision screening.
  • Annual measures of VA using crowded logMAR tests and literacy using Woodcock Reading Mastery Tests-Revised (letter identification).

Main Results:

  • All children showed VA improvement with age; the adherent group demonstrated significantly greater VA improvement.
  • Literacy (letter identification) was strongly associated with VA, with a reduction for each line of vision loss.
  • Adherent children consistently scored higher on letter identification compared to non-adherent peers.

Conclusions:

  • Early literacy is linked to visual acuity levels.
  • Children adhering to spectacle wear experience improved VA and potential literacy gains.
  • Non-adherence to spectacles negatively impacts both vision and educational attainment.
Abstract

Keywords:
adherenceliteracyspectaclesvision screeningvisual acuity

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